Neural mechanisms of Contexual Predictions in Visual Cognition and Action

视觉认知和行动中情境预测的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
8322178
负责人：
KESTUTIS KVERAGA
金额：
$ 17.47万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-08-19 至 2013-08-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8322178
关键词：
Address Affective Amygdaloid structure Anterior Anxiety Disorders Attention Autistic Disorder Award Behavioral Mechanisms Brain Cognitive Complex Cues Data Analyses Electroencephalography Environment Foundations Fright Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Health Human Image Laboratories Left Link Manuals Medial Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Neurosciences Parietal Lobe Participant Partner in relationship Patients Perception Prefrontal Cortex Preparation Primates Process Psyche structure Psychophysics Research Research Personnel Saccades Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Solid Stimulus Structure System Training Translational Research Vision Visual Visual Pathways Visual system structure affective neuroscience cognitive neuroscience gaze insight knowledge base magnocellular nervous system disorder neuromechanism novel object recognition parvocellular programs relating to nervous system response skills visual cognition visual stimulus

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The human brain uses contextual and affective information to facilitate visual recognition and action, but little is known about the neural mechanisms mediating this facilitation. We have hypothesized that contextual and affective facilitation processes have evolved from a primitive system for identifying threats in the environment and therefore should be tightly linked with threat identification and action preparation processes. These fundamental questions have not been studied in a unified framework before and have important implications for both basic neuroscience, and for many mental and neurological disorders, including anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, depression, and autism. Here we propose to examine how contextual and affective predictions can facilitate visual recognition and action preparation with a combined approach of psychophysics, fMRI and MEG/EEG. The proposed research, in addition to addressing these novel questions, will allow the candidate to obtain intensive training in MEG/EEG and to develop conceptual and theoretical understanding in new cognitive and affective neuroscience domains of contextual and affective processing. The new skills in contextual and affective processing, MEG/EEG, and functional connectivity analyses, in conjunction with the candidate's existing strengths in fMRI and object recognition, will help to optimally prepare the candidate for starting a fully independent research program at the completion of this award. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research program focuses on contextual and affective processes in visual cognition and action. For this reason, this research has the potential to provide insights into the neural and behavioral mechanisms that are malfunctioning in many mental and neurological disorders. Contextual association processes are thought to be impaired in depression and autistic patients. The implications of the proposed studies for mental health are particularly significant because affective processing abnormalities are observed in virtually all mental, and many neurological disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：人脑使用上下文和情感信息来促进视觉识别和动作，但对介导这种促进的神经机制知之甚少。我们假设上下文和情感的促进过程已经从原始系统中演变而成，以识别环境中的威胁，因此应与威胁识别和行动准备过程紧密相关。这些基本问题以前尚未在统一的框架中研究，并且对基本神经科学以及许多精神和神经系统疾病（包括焦虑症，精神分裂症，抑郁症和自闭症）具有重要意义。在这里，我们建议您使用心理物理学，fMRI和MEG/EEG的组合方法来研究上下文和情感预测如何促进视觉识别和动作的准备。拟议的研究除了解决这些新颖的问题外，还将允许候选人在MEG/EEG中获得深入的培训，并在上下文和情感处理的新认知和情感神经科学领域中发展概念和理论理解。与候选人在fMRI和对象识别中的现有优势结合，将在上下文和情感处理，MEG/EEG和功能连接分析中的新技能，将有助于为候选人做好准备，以便在完成本奖项的完成时启动完全独立的研究计划。公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究计划着重于视觉认知和行动中的情境和情感过程。因此，这项研究有可能提供对许多心理和神经系统疾病中出现故障的神经和行为机制的见解。情境关联过程被认为在抑郁症和自闭症患者中受到损害。拟议研究对心理健康的影响特别重要，因为在几乎所有精神和许多神经系统疾病中都观察到情感处理异常。