Field Validation of New XRF Analyzers: Assessing Personal Exposure to Metals

描述（由申请人提供）：在NIH的资助下，X射线光学系统（XOS）（东格林布什，纽约）开发了一种新型个人暴露分析仪（PEA），该分析仪基于一种称为能量色散（艾德）单色微X射线荧光（M5 XRF）的新型非破坏性光谱技术。这种新型分析仪被设计成由未经实验室培训的工作人员在现场使用，以评估人类对各种样品类型中多种金属的暴露（例如，化妆品，个人卫生产品）和基质（例如，液体到固体），个体在各种环境背景下暴露于或接触（例如，家庭或工作场所）。这包括我们消耗的液体样品（水，果汁，茶，酒，沙拉酱和其他调味品等）;施用于身体的洗剂和凝胶（化妆品、香水、防晒霜、止汗剂、洗发剂、肥皂、牙膏和其他个人卫生产品等）;以及食物或可摄取材料（香料、坚果、膳食补充剂、药丸等）的样品。可以容易地压碎、粉末化或均质化。该项目的主要目标是通过将其部署在一项正在进行的生活在纽约州首都地区（奥尔巴尼-斯克内克塔迪-特洛伊）的华裔背景受试者汞暴露生物监测研究中，验证在现场条件下使用该新型分析仪获得的暴露测量值，该研究由CDC对纽约州的奖励资助。在对参与者进行定期家访期间，将收集25至30份个人环境样本，沿着收集生物样本（尿液、血液），并分析金属含量（包括汞）。在现场用PEA分析的样品也将在参考实验室使用“黄金”标准分析方法分析金属含量。作为验证过程的一部分，将XRF（非破坏性）分析仪和高成本黄金标准实验室方法（破坏性）的结果与PEA结果进行比较。将在现场条件下评估分析仪的有效性、易用性和耐用性，并使用数据评估其用于其他流行病学研究的潜力。该项目是在XOS的科学和工程人员与纽约州卫生部沃兹沃斯中心的环境分析科学家之间现有合作关系的基础上进行的。该研究小组还建立在沃兹沃斯中心科学家和环境流行病学家与纽约州卫生部环境健康中心（位于纽约）之间不断增长的合作关系的基础上。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A new Personal Exposure Analyzer (PEA) has been developed with NIH funding by X-Ray Optical Systems (XOS), East Greenbush, New York, and is based on a novel, non-destructive spectroscopic technique called energy dispersive (ED) monochromatic micro-X-ray fluorescence (M5XRF). This novel analyzer is designed to be used in the field by non-laboratory trained staff to assess human exposure to multiple metals in a variety of sample types (e.g., cosmetics, personal hygiene products) and matrices (e.g., liquid to solid) that an individual is exposed to or comes into contact with in a variety of environmental contexts (e.g., home or workplace). This includes samples of liquids we consume (water, juice, tea, wine, salad dressings, and other condiments, etc.); lotions and gels that are applied to the body (makeup, perfume, sun block, antiperspirant, shampoo, soap, toothpaste, and other personal hygiene products, etc.); as well as samples of food or ingestible material (spices, nuts, dietary supplements, pills, etc.) that can be easily crushed, powdered, or homogenized. The primary goal of this project is to validate exposure measurements obtained with this new analyzer under field conditions by deploying it in an on-going biomonitoring study of mercury exposure in subjects of ethnic Chinese background living in the Capital Region (Albany- Schenectady-Troy) of New York State, funded by a CDC award to New York State. Between 25 and 30 personal environmental samples will be collected during scheduled home visits to participants, along with biological samples (urine, blood), and analyzed for metal content (including mercury). The samples analyzed on site with the PEA will also be analyzed for metal content in a reference laboratory using "gold" standard methods of analysis. Results from the XRF (non-destructive) analyzer and the high-cost, gold standard laboratory-based methods (destructive) will be compared to the PEA results as part of the validation process. The validity, ease of use and ruggedness of the analyzer will be assessed under field conditions and the data used to assess it potential for use in other epidemiological studies. This project builds on an existing collaborative relationship between scientific and engineering staff from XOS, and environmental analytical scientists from the New York State Department of Health's Wadsworth Center. The research team also builds on a growing collaborative relationship between Wadsworth Center scientists and environmental epidemiologists working with the NYS DOH's Center for Environmental Health, in Troy New York.