Knowledge Integration in Quitlines: Networks that Improve Cessation

描述（由申请人提供）：戒烟热线的知识整合：改善戒烟的网络（KIQ NIC）摘要：在美国，每五个死亡中就有一个与烟草使用有关，它仍然是导致过早死亡的主要可预防原因。鉴于烟草使用作为一种公共卫生威胁的高度复杂性，国家癌症研究所支持了一项倡议和最近出版的一份烟草控制专著，旨在描述以何种方式（系统思考）可能改善烟草控制工作。在该专著中，NCI确定了社会网络分析和与个人和群体之间沟通相关的因素，对于理解和改进组织内最佳实践的传播和实施至关重要，这些组织是烟草控制等复杂适应系统的一部分（NCI, 2007）。这个调查小组是NCI倡议和专著的核心，而拟议的研究是该倡议的直接延伸。拟议的研究旨在更好地了解网络和沟通机制，通过这些网络和沟通机制，现有的和定义明确的烟草控制网络北美戒烟热线联盟（NAQC）中的利益相关者进行互动，分享新证据，就如何以及何时实施新知识做出决定，并实际采用他们认为将改善戒烟热线结果的做法。NAQC由NCI、CDC和其他组织资助，作为一种独特的从研究到实践的合作，以支持基于电话的戒烟。截至2006年，美国的每个州（包括哥伦比亚特区）和加拿大的每个省都实施了戒烟戒断线，因此有62个戒烟戒断线将被纳入拟议的研究。经过一年的仪器开发和研究人员与NAQC成员之间的团队建设，将实施三波社会网络和决策分析，以分析采用和实施新证据和知识的过程。此外，将分析实际的退出线操作，以跟踪新实践的实施，多元模型将评估网络、决策和其他潜在影响对采用新退出线实践的相对影响。研究结果有望增进我们对如何弥合研究人员、服务组织、提供者和客户之间的差距的理解，并探索如何在NAQC中传播、实施和整合新知识，特别是新的科学证据。公共卫生相关性：在美国，每5例死亡中就有1例与吸烟有关，它仍然是导致过早死亡的主要可预防原因。幸运的是，美国和加拿大的每个州和省现在都有免费的戒烟电话热线来帮助吸烟者戒烟。不幸的是，我们对如何在这些戒烟线上实施最佳实践和创新知之甚少。这项拟议的研究旨在更好地了解戒烟热线网络如何实施最佳实践和创新。将实施三波社会网络和决策分析，以分析采用和实施新证据和知识的过程，并分析实际的戒烟线操作，以跟踪新做法的实施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Knowledge Integration in Quitlines: Networks that Improve Cessation (KIQ NIC) Abstract One in every five deaths in the U.S. is related to tobacco use, and it remains the leading preventable cause of premature death. Given the highly complex nature of tobacco use as a public health threat, the National Cancer Institute supported an initiative and a recently published tobacco control monograph designed to describe in what ways (systems thinking) might improve tobacco control efforts. In that monograph, NCI identified social network analysis and factors related to communication between individuals and groups as critical to understanding and improving the dissemination and implementation of best practices within organizations that are part of a complex adaptive system such as tobacco control (NCI, 2007). This investigative team was central to the NCI initiative and Monograph, and the proposed study is a direct extension of that initiative. The proposed study is designed to better understand the network and communications mechanisms by which stakeholders in an existing and well-defined tobacco control network } the North American Quitline Consortium (NAQC) } interact, share new evidence, make decisions on how and when to implement new knowledge, and actually adopt practices that they believe will improve quitline outcomes. The NAQC is funded by NCI, CDC and other organizations as a unique research-to-practice collaboration to support telephone- based tobacco cessation. As of 2006, every U. S. state (including D.C.) and every Canadian province had implemented a smoking cessation quitline, thus resulting in a population of 62 quitlines that will be included in the proposed study. Following a formative year of instrument development and team building between the researchers and NAQC members, three waves of social network and decision-making analyses will be implemented to analyze processes of adoption and implementation of new evidence and knowledge. In addition, actual quitline operations will be analyzed in order to track implementation of new practices, and multivariate modeling will assess the relative influences of network, decision-making, and other potential influences on adoption of new quitline practices. The results are expected to increase our understanding of how to bridge the gaps between researchers, services organizations, providers, and clients, and to explore how new knowledge} especially new scientific evidence} is disseminated, implemented, and integrated within the NAQC. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: One in every five deaths in the U.S. is related to tobacco use, and it remains the leading preventable cause of premature death. Fortunately, every state and Province in the U.S. and Canada, respectively, now has a free telephone quitline to help smokers quit. Unfortunately, we know little about how best practices and innovations are implemented in those quitlines. The proposed study is designed to better understand how the network of quitlines implements best practices and innovations. Three waves of social network and decision-making analyses will be implemented to analyze processes of adoption and implementation of new evidence and knowledge, and actual quitline operations will be analyzed in order to track implementation of new practices.