Networks Among Tribal Organizations for Clean Air Policiies (NATO CAP)

说明（由申请人提供）：许多司法管辖区禁止在工作场所和公共场所吸烟，因为吸烟对人体健康构成明显威胁，并且发现这种禁令导致开始使用烟草的人数减少，戒烟人数增加。然而，由于联邦承认的美国印第安部落的主权地位，州禁烟法通常不会在部落土地上实施，这些部落土地上的封闭环境仍然允许吸烟。在纳瓦霍民族，由纳瓦霍人领导的联盟“纳瓦霍团队”（Team Navajo）领导了一项协调一致的努力，以消除工作场所和公共场所的二手烟。纳瓦霍团队已经在纳瓦霍立法系统内工作了两年，旨在通过一项禁止在纳瓦霍国家吸二手烟的法案。虽然到目前为止还没有任何效果，但这些努力正被密切关注，作为对美国乃至全球部落和其他社区的影响的一个测试案例。我们认为，改变纳瓦霍族和其他部落社区关于二手烟的政策，只能通过在一个强大、广泛和战略性的网络中发展和有效实施联盟和合作伙伴来实现。这项社区参与性研究将从研究人员和纳瓦霍团队成员之间的仪器开发和团队建设的形成年开始。2-4年的三波定量社会网络数据将与人种学数据一起增加，以检查有可能优化政策变化的关系和通信模式。此外，将分析环境因素（例如地方和州特定政策，游戏行业的努力等），包括来自所有110个分会（纳瓦霍县）的数据，以跟踪和解释政策变化的障碍，并评估进展。这些数据将在包括纳瓦霍团队成员在内的三个不同咨询小组的指导下进行分析，研究结果将在整个资助期限内与纳瓦霍团队和其他部落国家的成员分享，以最大限度地发挥研究的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many jurisdictions prohibit smoking in work places and public spaces because of the clear threat to human health, and such prohibitions have been found to result in reduced tobacco use initiation and increased cessation. However, because of the sovereign status of federally-recognized American Indian tribes, state smoke-free laws are generally not implemented on tribal lands, and enclosed environments on these tribal lands continue to allow smoking. On the Navajo Nation, there have been concerted efforts led by a Navajo-led coalition called Team Navajo', to eliminate secondhand smoke in workplaces and public places. Team Navajo has worked for two years within the Navajo legislative system for passage of a bill that would prohibit secondhand smoke in Navajo Nation. Though to no avail so far, these efforts are being watched closely as a test case with implications for tribal and other communities across the U.S. and globally. We believe that changing policy regarding secondhand smoke on the Navajo Nation and other tribal communities can only come about through the development and effective implementation of coalitions and partners in a strong, broad and strategic network. This community participatory research will begin with a formative year of instrument development and team building between the researchers and Team Navajo members. Three waves of quantitative social network data in years 2-4 will be augmented with ethnographic data, to examine relationships and communication patterns that have the potential to be optimized for increasing policy change. In addition, contextual factors (e.g. local and state-specific policies, gaming industry efforts, etc.) will be analyzed, including data from all 110 Chapter Houses (the Navajo equivalent of counties), in order to track and explain barriers to policy change, and to evaluate progress. The data will be analyzed with guidance from three different advisory groups, including members of Team Navajo, and findings will be shared with members of Team Navajo and other tribal nations throughout the term of the grant, to maximize the impact of the research.