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A Cognitive Neuroscience Framework for Understanding and Treating Mood Disorders

理解和治疗情绪障碍的认知神经科学框架

基本信息

批准号：
8225403
负责人：
Moshe Bar
金额：
$ 43.42万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-14 至 2013-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8225403
关键词：
Accounting Adopted Adult Adverse effects Affect Architecture Area Attention Behavioral Brain Characteristics Clinical Cognitive Communication Deep Brain Stimulation Diagnosis Disease Distant Effectiveness Electric Stimulation Emotional disorder Equilibrium Fiber Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Goals Hippocampus (Brain)Human Individual Knowledge Lead Life Link Longevity Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetoencephalography Major Depressive Disorder Measures Medial Mediating Mental Depression Mental Processes Methods Modification Mood Disorders Moods Multimodal Imaging Nature Neurobiology Neurons Pathway interactions Patients Pattern Performance Personal Satisfaction Population Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Probability Process Property Psychologist Psychophysiology Recruitment Activity Role Structure Symptoms Techniques Testing Time Training Training Programs Translating United States Work associative depression base cognitive neuroscience depressive symptoms design disability economic impact improved multidisciplinary negative mood neurochemistry neurogenesis neuroimaging neuromechanism new growth novel positive mood public health relevance relating to nervous system research study response stem success theories white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the last decade, psychologists have begun to focus their attention on how to cultivate a better life and on the benefits of positive mood. These efforts have been often limited by a lack of understanding of how the human brain works. Our cognitive neuroscience approach has led to a novel hypothesis, connecting mood and depression with cognitive processing and brain structure and function. Specifically, we propose that mood can be improved significantly when mental processes are made more associative. This relation stems from our inherent need to predict and explore many alternatives in parallel. The hypothesis presented here represents a multidisciplinary synthesis, integrating remote findings. For example, that the same medial prefrontal region that is most indicative of depression treatment success is intensely activated by our cognitive tasks engaging associative and contextual predictions; or the link between the central role of the hippocampus in associative processing and recent indications that the effectiveness of depression therapy is dependent upon the growth of new hippocampal neurons. This framework has many implications, most notably for diagnosing and treating emotional disorders such as depression, for better understanding a host of mood disorders such as, attention-deficit, bi-polar and post traumatic stress disorders, for contextualizing adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and more generally, for increasing well-being and longevity by improving mood. Among mood disorders, major depressive disorder is a leading cause of disability, affecting annually more than 15 million people, with an estimated economic impact exceeding $50 billion in the United States alone. Although restoring the neurochemical balance has been the primary strategy for treating depression, many patients do not achieve adequate response. The adverse characteristics of depression contribute to long-term structural and functional neurobiological alterations that in turn, are known to further increase the probability and the number of future depressive episodes. We propose a novel perspective to essentially reverse this spiraling progression of the disorder without any adverse side effects using a cognitive neuroscience framework. We adopt a multimodal imaging approach, capitalizing on the complementary strengths of psychophysical paradigms, fMRI and magnetoencephalography, to achieve the following specific aims: In Aim 1 we will test all relevant aspects of the relationship between associative predictions and mood, in healthy adults and in clinical populations. This will include the relation between associative processing and: brain structure, brain activation, subjective performance, nature of individual thought patterns, and mood measures. In Aim 2 we plan to investigate the neural mechanism connecting mood with associative processing, focusing on morphological characteristics, network dynamics and functional interactions. Finally, in Aim 3 we plan to use our accumulated knowledge to start developing a non-intrusive approach, free of side-effects, to train and rebuild the underlying cortical circuitry such that thought pattern is modified from its core to better serve mood-related well-being. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In this proposal we hypothesize a direct link between depression and associative cognitive processing. Finding that reduced cognitive associative processing has a causal role in mood disorders would have profound implications for theories of major depression and other affective disorders. Translating these findings to the design of novel cognitive tasks that can enhance associative processing and help to alleviate the effects of depression has the potential to positively impact millions of individuals suffering from mood disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的十年中，心理学家已经开始把注意力集中在如何培养更好的生活和积极情绪的好处上。这些努力往往受到对人类大脑如何工作缺乏了解的限制。我们的认知神经科学方法导致了一个新的假设，将情绪和抑郁与认知过程以及大脑结构和功能联系起来。具体来说，我们提出，情绪可以得到显着改善时，心理过程更联想。这种关系源于我们内在的需要，即同时预测和探索许多替代方案。这里提出的假设是一个多学科的综合，整合远程调查结果。例如，最能表明抑郁症治疗成功的同一内侧前额叶区域，在我们进行联想和情境预测的认知任务时被强烈激活;或者海马体在联想处理中的核心作用与最近的迹象之间的联系，即抑郁症治疗的有效性取决于新海马体神经元的生长。这个框架有许多意义，最值得注意的是诊断和治疗情绪障碍，如抑郁症，更好地了解一系列情绪障碍，如注意力缺陷，双极和创伤后应激障碍，为情境化成人海马神经发生，更普遍的是，通过改善情绪来增加幸福感和寿命。在情绪障碍中，重度抑郁症是残疾的主要原因，每年影响超过1500万人，仅在美国估计经济影响超过500亿美元。虽然恢复神经化学平衡一直是治疗抑郁症的主要策略，但许多患者没有达到足够的反应。抑郁症的不良特征有助于长期的结构和功能神经生物学改变，这反过来又会进一步增加未来抑郁发作的概率和数量。我们提出了一个新的观点，从根本上扭转这种螺旋式发展的障碍，没有任何不良副作用，使用认知神经科学框架。我们采用多模态成像方法，利用心理物理学范式，功能磁共振成像和脑磁图的互补优势，以实现以下具体目标：在目标1中，我们将测试所有相关方面的关联预测和情绪之间的关系，在健康成人和临床人群。这将包括关联处理和之间的关系：大脑结构，大脑激活，主观表现，个人思维模式的性质，和情绪措施。在目标2中，我们计划研究连接情绪与联想处理的神经机制，重点是形态特征，网络动力学和功能相互作用。最后，在目标3中，我们计划利用我们积累的知识开始开发一种无副作用的非侵入性方法，以训练和重建底层皮层电路，从而从核心修改思维模式，以更好地服务于与情绪相关的健康。公共卫生相关性：在这项提案中，我们假设抑郁症和联想认知过程之间存在直接联系。发现认知联想处理的减少在情绪障碍中具有因果作用，这将对重度抑郁症和其他情感障碍的理论产生深远的影响。将这些发现转化为可以增强联想处理并有助于减轻抑郁症影响的新型认知任务的设计，有可能对数百万患有情绪障碍的人产生积极影响。