Sleep Adaptations to Stress

描述(由申请者提供)：有大量证据表明，睡眠不足会导致健康差距，给非裔美国人带来负担。我们最近的数据表明，人们担心失去警惕，成为较低社会经济城市环境中睡眠质量下降的重要因素，在这些城市环境中，非裔美国人的比例不成比例。患有创伤后应激障碍的参与者慢波睡眠(SWS)减少，快速眼动(REM)睡眠持续时间缩短。然而，来自压力较大社区的一些参与者没有报告或表现出睡眠减少或受到干扰。这项拟议的研究的目的是获得对压力对睡眠干扰影响的生态有效评估 社区环境，并确定是什么导致了这些影响的韧性和脆弱性。我们将识别居住在高犯罪率城市地区的睡眠良好者和睡眠不良者。我们将把先前与睡眠倾向或对实验性睡眠操作的反应有关的基因型的贡献的评估纳入到也将考虑生活方式、创伤暴露和创伤后应激障碍的模型中。我们将监测睡前行为和认知，并确定居家睡眠与实验室环境中获得的测量结果之间的关系，以及对功能结果的贡献。这项研究的洞察力将为个人和公共健康方法提供信息，以改善由于睡眠不足造成的健康差距。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is substantial evidence that inadequate sleep contributes to health disparities that burden African Americans. Our recent data implicate the fear of losing vigilance to be an important contributor to compromised sleep in the lower socio-economic urban environments in which African Americans are disproportionately represented. Participants with PTSD had reduced slow wave sleep (SWS) and shorter continuous segments of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Some of the participants from stressed neighborhoods, however, do not report or exhibit curtailed or disturbed sleep. The purpose of the proposed research is to obtain ecologically valid assessments of the sleep disruptive effects of a stressful neighborhood environment, and determine what contributes resilience versus vulnerability to these effects. We will identify good and poor sleepers living in high crime urban areas. We will incorporate evaluation of the contributions of genotypes previously implicated in sleep tendencies or response to experimental sleep manipulations into models that will also consider life style, trauma exposure, and PTSD. We will monitor pre-sleep behaviors and cognitions and determine how in-home sleep relates to measures obtained in a laboratory setting and contribute to functional outcomes. Insights from this study will inform individual and public healt approaches to ameliorating health disparities attributable to compromised sleep.