Sleep Adaptations to Stress

描述（由申请人提供）：有大量证据表明，睡眠不足导致非裔美国人负担的健康差异。我们最近的数据表明，在非裔美国人比例不成比例的社会经济较低的城市环境中，对失去警惕性的恐惧是睡眠受损的重要因素。PTSD患者的慢波睡眠（SWS）减少，快速眼动（REM）睡眠的连续段缩短。然而，一些来自压力社区的参与者并没有报告或表现出睡眠减少或睡眠紊乱。这项研究的目的是为了获得一个有压力的环境对睡眠的破坏性影响的生态学有效评估。 邻里环境，并确定什么有助于恢复与脆弱性，这些影响。我们会找出居住在罪案率高的市区的睡眠情况良好和欠佳的人士。我们将评估先前与睡眠倾向或对实验性睡眠操纵的反应有关的基因型的贡献，并将其纳入还考虑生活方式、创伤暴露和创伤后应激障碍的模型中。我们将监测睡眠前的行为和认知，并确定如何在家里睡眠与在实验室环境中获得的措施，并有助于功能的结果。这项研究的见解将为个人和公共卫生提供信息，以改善因睡眠不足而造成的健康差异。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is substantial evidence that inadequate sleep contributes to health disparities that burden African Americans. Our recent data implicate the fear of losing vigilance to be an important contributor to compromised sleep in the lower socio-economic urban environments in which African Americans are disproportionately represented. Participants with PTSD had reduced slow wave sleep (SWS) and shorter continuous segments of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Some of the participants from stressed neighborhoods, however, do not report or exhibit curtailed or disturbed sleep. The purpose of the proposed research is to obtain ecologically valid assessments of the sleep disruptive effects of a stressful neighborhood environment, and determine what contributes resilience versus vulnerability to these effects. We will identify good and poor sleepers living in high crime urban areas. We will incorporate evaluation of the contributions of genotypes previously implicated in sleep tendencies or response to experimental sleep manipulations into models that will also consider life style, trauma exposure, and PTSD. We will monitor pre-sleep behaviors and cognitions and determine how in-home sleep relates to measures obtained in a laboratory setting and contribute to functional outcomes. Insights from this study will inform individual and public healt approaches to ameliorating health disparities attributable to compromised sleep.