Coding of Action by Motor & Premotor Cortical Ensembles

电机动作编码

• 批准号: 8579401
• 负责人: Nicholas G Hatsopoulos
• 金额: $ 38.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8579401
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Code; Complex; Computing Methodologies; Development; Devices; Disabled Persons; Distal; Dorsal; Elbow; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Environment; Etiology; Exhibits; Fingers; Food; Freedom; Frequencies; Goals; Hand; Human; Implant; Injury; Joints; Lateral; Lead; Limb structure; Link; Location; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Methods; Monitor; Monkeys; Motion; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscle; Neurons; Neurosciences; Optics; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Plant Roots; Primates; Process; Property; Prosthesis; Psychophysics; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Shapes; Shoulder; Signal Transduction; Speed; Spinal cord damage; Stroke; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Travel; Upper Extremity; Upper arm; Work; Wrist; arm; base; density; design; digital; grasp; kinematics; motor control; neglect; neural patterning; neural prosthesis; nonhuman primate; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to understand how ensembles of interacting neurons in multiple motor cortical areas coordinate proximal and distal components in reaching and reach-to-grasp behavior. Psychophysical research has determined that reaching and prehensile movements are characterized by distinct coordination patterns among the arm, wrist, and fingers and has postulated the existence of coordination mechanisms that temporally couple these segments of the upper limb. However, the neural substrate underlying these temporal coordination patterns is unknown. We have recently discovered the existence of travelling wave activity as recorded from local field potential (LFP) recordings in non-human primates that propagates horizontally across primary motor (MI), dorsal premotor (PMd), and ventral premotor (PMv) cortices. These propagating waves are mediated by oscillatory activity in the beta frequency range (i.e. 15-40 Hz) and propagate primarily along a rostro-caudal axis in MI and PMv and a medio-lateral axis in PMd. Given the gradient in proximal and distal movement representations along these axes in these areas, our working hypothesis is that these waves reflect the coordination of proximal and distal components of the upper limb during reaching and prehension. In particular, rostral MI, caudal PMv, and medial PMd are associated with proximal limb segments of the shoulder and elbow and caudal, rostral, and lateral regions of MI, PMv, and PMd, respectively are associated with distal limb segments of the wrist and fingers. Therefore, the proximal-to-distal sequencing of the upper arm that characterizes many behaviors including the accelerative phase of reach-to-grasp is signaled by wave propagation in the rostral-to-caudal direction in MI, caudal-to-rostral direction in PMv, and medial-to-lateral direction in PMd. In contrast, distal-to-proximal coordination patterns should be associated with wave propagation in the opposite direction. We will 1) determine whether properties of these propagating waves correlate with distinct coordination patterns of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and fingers during reach and reach- to-grasp behaviors; 2) establish a link between these wave properties and behavior via behavioral constraints and perturbations 3) determine whether multiple single unit activity reflects spatio-temporal patterns consistent with the LFP waves recorded on the same electrode arrays. To accomplish this, high-density electrode arrays will be chronically implanted in MI, PMv, and PMd from which 100s of single units and local field potentials will be simultaneously recorded while monkeys reach for and grasp objects of different sizes, shapes, and orientations in different three-dimensional locations. A digital optical tracking system using a set of ten infrared cameras will monitor the kinematics of the arm and hand during reach-to-grasp behavior and EMG signals will measure activity from arm, wrist, and extrinsic finger muscles. A set of classical and novel computational methods will be employed to characterize the dynamics of wave activity measured using LFPs and multiple single units.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是了解多个运动皮层区域中相互作用的神经元的集合如何协调近端和远端组件的伸手和伸手抓握行为。心理物理学研究已经确定，达到和伸展运动的特点是不同的协调模式之间的手臂，手腕和手指，并假设存在协调机制，暂时耦合这些部分的上肢。然而，这些时间协调模式的神经基板是未知的。我们最近发现存在的行波活动记录从本地场电位（LFP）记录在非人类灵长类动物的水平传播的初级运动（MI），背侧运动前区（PMD），腹侧运动前区（PMV）皮层。这些传播波由β频率范围（即15-40 Hz）内的振荡活动介导，并主要沿着MI和PMv中的头尾轴以及PMd中的中横轴传播。鉴于梯度近端和远端运动表示沿着这些轴在这些地区，我们的工作假设是，这些波反映了近端和远端组件的上肢在达到和伸展的协调。特别是，喙部MI、尾部PMv和内侧PMd与肩和肘的近端肢体段相关，MI、PMv和PMd的尾部、喙部和外侧区域分别与腕和手指的远端肢体段相关。因此，上臂的近端到远端顺序表征了许多行为，包括伸手抓握的加速阶段，MI中的头端到尾端方向、PMv中的尾端到头端方向和PMd中的内侧到外侧方向的波传播发出信号。相比之下，远端到近端的协调模式应 与波在相反方向上的传播有关。我们将1）确定这些传播波的性质是否与在伸手和伸手抓握行为期间肩、肘、腕和手指的不同协调模式相关; 2）通过行为约束和扰动在这些波特性和行为之间建立联系3）确定多个单个单元活动是否反映空间时间模式与在相同电极阵列上记录的LFP波一致。为了实现这一点，将高密度电极阵列长期植入MI、PMv和PMd中，当猴子在不同的三维位置伸手抓住不同尺寸、形状和方向的物体时，将同时记录100个单个单元和局部场电位。使用一组十个红外摄像机的数字光学跟踪系统将在伸手抓握行为期间监测手臂和手的运动学，并且EMG信号将测量来自手臂、手腕和外部手指肌肉的活动。一组经典的和新颖的计算方法将被用来描述使用LFP和多个单单元测量的波活动的动力学。