Phytostabilization Technology for Mining Wastes in Arid and Semiarid Environments: Plant-Microbe-Metal Indicators to Predict Sustainability

干旱和半干旱环境中采矿废物的植物稳定技术：预测可持续性的植物-微生物-金属指标

• 批准号: 8918887
• 负责人: Raina M Maier
• 金额: $ 23.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8918887
• 关键词: Acids; Address; Amendment; Applied Research; Area; Arizona; Arsenic; Cadmium; Categories; Characteristics; Chemicals; Climate; Collaborations; Communities; Complex; Compost; Controlled Environment; Copper; Data; Databases; Deposition; Development; Ecology; Ecosystem; Engineering; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Wind; Evaluation; Failure; Fertility; Financial compensation; Funding; Goals; Grant; Growth; Habitats; Hazardous Waste; Health; Human; Human Resources; Industry; Information Systems; Iron; Island; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Metals; Methods; Microbe; Minerals; Mining; Molecular; Monitor; Movement; Nutrient; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Performance; Plant Roots; Plants; Process; Property; Radiation; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Sampling; Signal Recognition Particle; Site; Soil; Southwestern United States; Structure; Superfund; Surface; Synchrotrons; System; Techniques; Technology; Texture; Time; Tissues; Toxic effect; Translating; Translational Research; Water; Work; Zinc; base; cost effective; density; design; fundamental research; improved; interest; member; metagenomic sequencing; microbial; microbial community; microorganism; particle; plant growth/development; prevent; remediation; response; success; superfund site; toxic metal; wasting

PROJECT SUMMARY (Project 8; Maier, Chorover, Neilson, Barton) Mine tailings are wastes leftover following the crushing of ores and extraction of metals such as copper during the mining process. This waste is devoid of the properties that make soils a suitable habitat for plants including soil structure, organic matter, nutrients and microorganisms. These tailings deposits, which range from several to thousands of acres in size, can remain barren for decades or longer resulting in wind and water erosion into the surrounding environment. Of particular concern are legacy mine tailings which are often abandoned and are characteristically highly acidic with elevated levels of toxic metals such as arsenic and lead. Often these metals are associated with very small tailings particles that are easily windborne. Thus, these tailings have the potential to impact both human and environmental health in areas surrounding such waste sites. The overall goal of this project is to understand, refine, and develop industry and regulatory guidance for an interventional remediation technology known as phytostabilization. Phytostabilization involves the establishment of a vegetative cap on mine tailings using plants that do not accumulate metals into their shoot tissues. Instead, the metals are sequestered in the root zone resulting in decreased mobility either by wind or water. Our research to date also suggests that phytostabilization can act to change the form of metals in mine tailings thereby reducing their toxicity. The specific aims of this project are to (1) continue a long-term field trial of compost- assisted phytostabilization of the mine tailings at the Iron King Mine and Humboldt Smelter Superfund site to understand the longer-term outcomes (years 5-10) of this technology; (2) evaluate the specific interactions among roots, microorganisms and metals that drive the success (or failure) of plants growing in mine tailings; and (3) use the knowledge gained and a partnership that has been established with the mining industry to expand our research to additional sites to identify universal indicators of phytostabilization success. These indicators will be the basis for development of a guidance on phytostabilization that can be used by both the mining industry and regulators to manage abandoned mine tailings sites as well as sites that are slated for closure.

项目摘要（项目 8；Maier、Chorover、Neilson、Barton） 尾矿是矿石破碎和提取铜等金属后留下的废物。 采矿过程。这种废物缺乏使土壤成为植物合适栖息地的特性，包括 土壤结构、有机质、养分和微生物。这些尾矿矿床的范围从几个 面积可达数千英亩，可能会在数十年或更长时间内保持贫瘠，导致风和水侵蚀 周围的环境。特别值得关注的是经常被遗弃和废弃的遗留尾矿。 其特点是呈高酸性，砷和铅等有毒金属含量较高。往往这些 金属与非常小的尾矿颗粒有关，很容易被风传播。因此，这些尾矿具有 可能影响此类废物场周围地区的人类和环境健康。整体 该项目的目标是了解、完善和制定介入治疗的行业和监管指南 修复技术称为植物稳定化。植物稳定涉及建立一个 使用不会将金属积累到芽组织中的植物对尾矿进行营养帽。相反， 金属被隔离在根部区域，导致风或水的流动性降低。我们的研究 迄今为止，还表明植物稳定化可以改变尾矿中金属的形态，从而 减少它们的毒性。该项目的具体目标是（1）继续进行堆肥的长期现场试验 协助铁王矿和洪堡冶炼厂超级基金场地尾矿的植物稳定， 了解该技术的长期成果（5-10 年）； (2)评估具体的相互作用 根、微生物和金属推动尾矿中植物的成功（或失败）； (3) 利用所获得的知识以及与采矿业建立的合作伙伴关系 将我们的研究扩展到其他地点，以确定植物稳定成功的通用指标。这些 指标将成为制定植物稳定指南的基础，可供双方使用 采矿业和监管机构管理废弃尾矿场以及预定的场址 关闭。