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Community Alcohol Outlet Density, Drunken Driving and Violence: Core Group Theory

社区酒精出口密度、醉酒驾驶和暴力：核心群体理论

基本信息

批准号：
8500082
负责人：
JULIET P LEE
金额：
$ 53.62万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-09-20 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8500082
关键词：
Aggressive behavior Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcohols Area Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral California Characteristics Cities Cognitive Communities County Data Drunk driving Ethnography General Population Goals Hostility Individual Interview Lead Maintenance Marketing Measures Modeling Neighborhoods Pattern Play Prevention Problem behavior Process Recruitment Activity Relative (related person)Research Research Personnel Restaurants Risk Sampling Social Disorganizations Social Environment Social Interaction Socioeconomic Status Source Structure Surveys Telephone Testing Vehicle crash Vendor Violence alcohol related problem authority base cohesion community setting demographics density of AOD outlets drinking high risk interest problem drinker prospective resilience social theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The research will examine drinkers and drinking at outlets to identify social mechanisms by which drunken driving and alcohol-related violence are maintained in communities. Patrons in 165 bars in six California communities will be surveyed on exit from bars on weekend nights, followed by a phone survey. The exit survey will characterize drinking and social interactions that evening. The telephone survey will provide background measures of drinkers' characteristics and risk related behaviors (N H 1,620). Patron and staff interviews in select outlets identified by risk for drinking-driving and violence, together with bar observations conducted in a random sample of the total bars, will characterize social relations and norms that may reinforce problem behaviors. These qualitative assessments of bar social dynamics will inform and extend quantitative studies. Three hypotheses will be tested: (1) Greater neighborhood social disorganization will be related to greater rates of drunken driving and aggression among bar patrons. (2) Greater bar concentrations will be related to greater clustering of patrons across establishments correlated with risk characteristics. (3) Greater clustering by patrons will result in greater social cohesion in high-risk outlets. The short-term goal of the proposed research is to determine whether at-risk drinkers cluster across on-premise alcohol outlets and whether clustering is increased in areas with high outlet concentrations. The mid-term goal of the study is to initiate studies of social processes that maintain problem behaviors within outlets, identifying social structures that make problems resilient to change. The long-term goal is to provide communities with guidance on regulatory processes that may ameliorate neighborhood problems related to alcohol outlets.

描述（由申请人提供）：该研究将调查饮酒者和在场所饮酒，以确定社区中酒后驾驶和与酒精相关的暴力行为维持的社会机制。加州六个社区 165 家酒吧的顾客将在周末晚上离开酒吧时接受调查，然后进行电话调查。退出调查将描述当晚的饮酒和社交互动。电话调查将提供饮酒者特征和风险相关行为的背景测量（NH 1,620）。在根据酒后驾驶和暴力风险确定的选定商店中对顾客和工作人员进行访谈，以及对所有酒吧的随机样本进行的酒吧观察，将描述可能强化问题行为的社会关系和规范。这些对酒吧社会动态的定性评估将为定量研究提供信息并扩展。将测试三个假设：（1）更大的社区社会混乱将与更高的酒后驾驶率和酒吧顾客的攻击行为有关。 (2) 酒吧集中度越高，顾客越集中，且与风险特征相关。 (3) 顾客的更多聚集将导致高风险商店更大的社会凝聚力。拟议研究的短期目标是确定高风险饮酒者是否聚集在内部酒精销售点，以及在销售点集中度高的区域聚集是否增加。该研究的中期目标是启动对维持问题行为的社会过程的研究，确定使问题能够适应变化的社会结构。长期目标是为社区提供监管流程指导，以改善与酒类商店相关的社区问题。