Community Alcohol Outlet Density, Drunken Driving and Violence: Core Group Theory

社区酒精出口密度、醉酒驾驶和暴力：核心群体理论

基本信息

批准号：
8500082
负责人：
JULIET P LEE
金额：
$ 53.62万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-09-20 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8500082
关键词：
Aggressive behavior Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcohols Area Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral California Characteristics Cities Cognitive Communities County Data Drunk driving Ethnography General Population Goals Hostility Individual Interview Lead Maintenance Marketing Measures Modeling Neighborhoods Pattern Play Prevention Problem behavior Process Recruitment Activity Relative (related person)Research Research Personnel Restaurants Risk Sampling Social Disorganizations Social Environment Social Interaction Socioeconomic Status Source Structure Surveys Telephone Testing Vehicle crash Vendor Violence alcohol related problem authority base cohesion community setting demographics density of AOD outlets drinking high risk interest problem drinker prospective resilience social theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The research will examine drinkers and drinking at outlets to identify social mechanisms by which drunken driving and alcohol-related violence are maintained in communities. Patrons in 165 bars in six California communities will be surveyed on exit from bars on weekend nights, followed by a phone survey. The exit survey will characterize drinking and social interactions that evening. The telephone survey will provide background measures of drinkers' characteristics and risk related behaviors (N H 1,620). Patron and staff interviews in select outlets identified by risk for drinking-driving and violence, together with bar observations conducted in a random sample of the total bars, will characterize social relations and norms that may reinforce problem behaviors. These qualitative assessments of bar social dynamics will inform and extend quantitative studies. Three hypotheses will be tested: (1) Greater neighborhood social disorganization will be related to greater rates of drunken driving and aggression among bar patrons. (2) Greater bar concentrations will be related to greater clustering of patrons across establishments correlated with risk characteristics. (3) Greater clustering by patrons will result in greater social cohesion in high-risk outlets. The short-term goal of the proposed research is to determine whether at-risk drinkers cluster across on-premise alcohol outlets and whether clustering is increased in areas with high outlet concentrations. The mid-term goal of the study is to initiate studies of social processes that maintain problem behaviors within outlets, identifying social structures that make problems resilient to change. The long-term goal is to provide communities with guidance on regulatory processes that may ameliorate neighborhood problems related to alcohol outlets.

描述（由申请人提供）：研究将检查饮酒者和饮酒，以确定社区中醉酒驾驶和与酒精有关的暴力行为的社会机制。在周末晚上，将在六个加利福尼亚社区的165个酒吧的顾客在从酒吧退出时进行调查，然后进行电话调查。出口调查将表征当晚的饮酒和社交互动。电话调查将提供饮酒者特征和与风险相关的行为的背景测量（N H 1,620）。顾客和员工的访谈在精选商店的访谈中，饮酒风险和暴力的风险以及在整个酒吧的随机样本中进行的酒吧观察，将表征社会关系和规范可能会加强问题行为。这些对BAR社会动态的定性评估将为定量研究提供信息和扩展。将检验三个假设：（1）更大的社区社会混乱将与酒吧顾客之间的醉酒驾驶和侵略性更高有关。（2）较高的条形浓度将与跨风险特征相关的顾客的更大聚类有关。（3）顾客的更大聚会将导致高风险媒体的社会凝聚力更大。拟议的研究的短期目标是确定高风险饮酒者是否在本地酒精渠道中聚类，以及在出口浓度较高的地区的聚类是否增加。该研究的中期目标是启动对维持媒体中问题行为的社会过程的研究，从而确定使问题有弹性变化的社会结构。长期目标是为社区提供有关可能减轻与酒精渠道有关的社区问题的监管过程的指导。