The Neural Correlates of Food Choice Decision-Making in Obesity and Weight Loss

肥胖和减肥中食物选择决策的神经相关性

• 批准号: 8534860
• 负责人: KATHRYN E DEMOS
• 金额: $ 13.37万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8534860
• 关键词: Aftercare; Area; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight decreased; Body mass index; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chocolate; Clinical; Clinical Treatment; Complement; Coronary heart disease; Country; Coupled; Cues; Data; Decision Making; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Eating; Eating Behavior; Enrollment; Environment; Event; Exhibits; Female; Food; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Hares; Health Food; Hospitals; Hyperactive behavior; Individual; Intervention; Lead; Learning; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Medial; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Qualifying; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Rest; Rewards; Risk; Role; Running; Scanning; Science; Scientist; Self-control as a personality trait; Taste Perception; Time; Training; Translating; Translational Research; United States; Universities; Visual; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Wing; Woman; Work; base; career; cognitive neuroscience; cost; design; executive function; experience; fruits and vegetables; fundamental research; hypertensive heart disease; innovation; insight; medical schools; mortality; multidisciplinary; neuroeconomics; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; post-doctoral training; programs; psychologic; relating to nervous system; response; responsible research conduct; reward processing; sedentary; skills; statistics; treatment program; weight loss intervention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to prepare Dr. Kathryn Demos for a career as an independent scientist, conducting translational research investigating neural mechanisms in obesity and weight loss. Combining didactic training, mentorship by a highly qualified team of established scientists, and the first-hand experience of conducting the proposed research, Dr. Demos will gain extensive training in the areas of (1) obesity and behavioral weight loss intervention, [(2) statistics and research design,] (3) neuroeconomics and decision-making, (4) executive function and brain imaging in a clinical population, (5) the responsible conduct of research, and (6) professional development. Throughout the course of the award Dr. Demos will work closely with her primary mentor, Dr. Rena Wing, and her multidisciplinary team of co- mentors, [Dr. Eduardo Nillni (pathophysiology of obesity), Dr. Hernando Ombao (statistics),] Dr. Antonio Rangel (neuroeconomics), and Drs. Ronald Cohen and Lawrence Sweet (executive function and brain imaging). Complementing her previous graduate and post-doctoral training in cognitive neuroscience and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the mentorship provided by this expert team coupled with the premier behavioral weight loss treatment program and facility run by Dr. Wing at the Miriam Hospital/Brown University Medical School, will provide Dr. Demos with the necessary experience and resources to carry out this innovative research and achieve her career goals. Dr. Demos' long-term career goals include developing a translational research program from brain science to weight loss treatment, and to understand the neural and behavioral basis of how and why people gain, lose, and successfully control weight. Obesity is one of the most important public health issues today, contributing to many of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. At the same time, treatment remains difficult and many individuals continually struggle to lose or maintain excess weight. Many studies have investigated the eating behaviors of obese individuals as well as those who have successfully lost weight, yet little work has been done to try to understand how individuals decide to choose healthy foods like fruits and vegetables over good-tasting foods like chocolate and pizza and what brain processes support this. Thus in the proposed studies, Dr. Demos will begin by investigating the neural basis of food choice decision-making in females who are obese (N=30), have successfully lost weight and maintained it [(N=20)], and normal weight (NW) controls [(N=20)]. Participants will undergo event-related fMRI while performing a food choice decision-making task to determine whether these groups differ in their behavior or brain activity when they make food choice decisions. [Additionally, resting-state functional connectivity (rs- fcMRI) will be measured in order to determine how brain regions involved in reward processing and self-control form networks and are functionally connected.] Subsequently, the 30 obese participants will be enrolled in a behavioral weight loss intervention and re-scanned after treatment to determine whether participating in a behavioral weight loss program is associated with behavioral and neural changes in food choice decision- making. Through the proposed research Dr. Demos will gain the necessary training and experience to achieve her goal of becoming an independent investigator by acquiring a strong foundation in obesity and behavioral weight loss treatment, statistics and research design, neuroeconomics, and executive function in obesity. This project will provide new insights into the role of decision-making in obesity and its neural underpinnings, and will lead to innovative approaches in the clinical treatment of obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：该指导研究科学家发展奖（K01）的目标是让 Kathryn Demos 博士为独立科学家的职业生涯做好准备，开展转化研究，调查肥胖和减肥的神经机制。结合教学培训、高素质科学家团队的指导以及进行拟议研究的第一手经验，Demos 博士将在以下领域获得广泛的培训：(1) 肥胖和行为减肥干预，[(2) 统计和研究设计，](3) 神经经济学和决策，(4) 临床人群的执行功能和脑成像，(5) 负责任的研究行为，以及 (6) 专业发展。在整个获奖过程中，德莫斯博士将与她的主要导师 Rena Wing 博士以及她的多学科合作导师团队 [Dr. Rena Wing] 密切合作。 Eduardo Nillni（肥胖病理生理学）、Hernando Ombao 博士（统计学）、] Antonio Rangel 博士（神经经济学）和 Drs。罗纳德·科恩和劳伦斯·斯威特（执行功能和大脑成像）。作为对她之前在认知神经科学和功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 方面的研究生和博士后培训的补充，该专家团队提供的指导，加上 Wing 博士在米里亚姆医院/布朗大学医学院运营的一流行为减肥治疗计划和设施，将为 Demos 博士提供必要的经验和资源，以开展这项创新研究并实现她的职业目标。德莫斯博士的长期职业目标包括开发从脑科学到减肥治疗的转化研究计划，并了解人们如何以及为何增加、减少和成功控制体重的神经和行为基础。 肥胖是当今最重要的公共卫生问题之一，是导致美国发病和死亡的许多主要原因，包括心血管疾病、糖尿病和某些癌症。与此同时，治疗仍然很困难，许多人不断努力减肥或维持超重。许多研究调查了肥胖者以及成功减肥者的饮食行为，但很少有人尝试了解人们如何决定选择水果和蔬菜等健康食物而不是巧克力和披萨等美味食物，以及大脑的哪些过程支持这一点。因此，在拟议的研究中，Demos 博士将首先调查肥胖女性 (N=30)、已成功减肥并保持体重 [(N=20)] 以及体重正常 (NW) 对照 [(N=20)] 的女性食物选择决策的神经基础。参与者将在执行食物选择决策任务时接受与事件相关的功能磁共振成像，以确定这些群体在做出食物选择决策时的行为或大脑活动是否存在差异。 [此外，将测量静息态功能连接（rs-fcMRI），以确定参与奖励处理和自我控制的大脑区域如何形成网络并进行功能连接。]随后，30名肥胖参与者将参加行为减肥干预，并在治疗后重新扫描，以确定参与行为减肥计划是否与食物选择决策中的行为和神经变化有关。通过拟议的研究，德莫斯博士将获得必要的培训和经验，通过在肥胖和行为减肥治疗、统计和研究设计、神经经济学以及肥胖执行功能方面打下坚实的基础，实现成为独立研究者的目标。该项目将为决策在肥胖及其神经基础中的作用提供新的见解， 并将带来肥胖临床治疗的创新方法。