The Neural Correlates of Food Choice Decision-Making in Obesity and Weight Loss

肥胖和减肥中食物选择决策的神经相关性

• 批准号: 8331550
• 负责人: KATHRYN E DEMOS
• 金额: $ 13.37万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8331550
• 关键词: Aftercare; Area; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight decreased; Body mass index; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chocolate; Clinical; Clinical Treatment; Complement; Coronary heart disease; Country; Coupled; Cues; Data; Decision Making; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Eating; Eating Behavior; Enrollment; Environment; Event; Exhibits; Female; Food; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Hares; Health Food; Hospitals; Hyperactive behavior; Individual; Intervention; Lead; Learning; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Medial; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Qualifying; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Rest; Rewards; Risk; Role; Running; Scanning; Science; Scientist; Self-control as a personality trait; Taste Perception; Time; Training; Translating; Translational Research; United States; Universities; Visual; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Wing; Woman; Work; base; career; cognitive neuroscience; cost; design; executive function; experience; fruits and vegetables; fundamental research; hypertensive heart disease; innovation; insight; medical schools; mortality; multidisciplinary; neuroeconomics; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; post-doctoral training; programs; psychologic; relating to nervous system; response; responsible research conduct; reward processing; sedentary; skills; statistics; treatment program; weight loss intervention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to prepare Dr. Kathryn Demos for a career as an independent scientist, conducting translational research investigating neural mechanisms in obesity and weight loss. Combining didactic training, mentorship by a highly qualified team of established scientists, and the first-hand experience of conducting the proposed research, Dr. Demos will gain extensive training in the areas of (1) obesity and behavioral weight loss intervention, [(2) statistics and research design,] (3) neuroeconomics and decision-making, (4) executive function and brain imaging in a clinical population, (5) the responsible conduct of research, and (6) professional development. Throughout the course of the award Dr. Demos will work closely with her primary mentor, Dr. Rena Wing, and her multidisciplinary team of co- mentors, [Dr. Eduardo Nillni (pathophysiology of obesity), Dr. Hernando Ombao (statistics),] Dr. Antonio Rangel (neuroeconomics), and Drs. Ronald Cohen and Lawrence Sweet (executive function and brain imaging). Complementing her previous graduate and post-doctoral training in cognitive neuroscience and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the mentorship provided by this expert team coupled with the premier behavioral weight loss treatment program and facility run by Dr. Wing at the Miriam Hospital/Brown University Medical School, will provide Dr. Demos with the necessary experience and resources to carry out this innovative research and achieve her career goals. Dr. Demos' long-term career goals include developing a translational research program from brain science to weight loss treatment, and to understand the neural and behavioral basis of how and why people gain, lose, and successfully control weight. Obesity is one of the most important public health issues today, contributing to many of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. At the same time, treatment remains difficult and many individuals continually struggle to lose or maintain excess weight. Many studies have investigated the eating behaviors of obese individuals as well as those who have successfully lost weight, yet little work has been done to try to understand how individuals decide to choose healthy foods like fruits and vegetables over good-tasting foods like chocolate and pizza and what brain processes support this. Thus in the proposed studies, Dr. Demos will begin by investigating the neural basis of food choice decision-making in females who are obese (N=30), have successfully lost weight and maintained it [(N=20)], and normal weight (NW) controls [(N=20)]. Participants will undergo event-related fMRI while performing a food choice decision-making task to determine whether these groups differ in their behavior or brain activity when they make food choice decisions. [Additionally, resting-state functional connectivity (rs- fcMRI) will be measured in order to determine how brain regions involved in reward processing and self-control form networks and are functionally connected.] Subsequently, the 30 obese participants will be enrolled in a behavioral weight loss intervention and re-scanned after treatment to determine whether participating in a behavioral weight loss program is associated with behavioral and neural changes in food choice decision- making. Through the proposed research Dr. Demos will gain the necessary training and experience to achieve her goal of becoming an independent investigator by acquiring a strong foundation in obesity and behavioral weight loss treatment, statistics and research design, neuroeconomics, and executive function in obesity. This project will provide new insights into the role of decision-making in obesity and its neural underpinnings, and will lead to innovative approaches in the clinical treatment of obesity.

描述(由申请者提供)：这个指导研究科学家发展奖(K01)的目标是为Kathryn Demos博士作为一名独立科学家的职业生涯做好准备，进行研究肥胖和减肥的神经机制的转化性研究。结合教学培训、由高素质的知名科学家团队提供的指导，以及进行拟议研究的第一手经验，Demos博士将在以下领域获得广泛的培训：(1)肥胖和行为减肥干预，[(2)统计和研究设计]，(3)神经经济学和决策，(4)临床人群的执行功能和脑成像，(5)负责任的研究行为，以及(6)专业发展。在整个奖项过程中，Demos博士将与她的主要导师Rena Wing博士以及她的多学科联合导师团队[Eduardo Nillni博士(肥胖症的病理生理学)、Hernando Ombao博士(统计学)、Antonio Role博士(神经经济学)以及Ronald Cohen博士和Lawrence Sweet博士(执行功能和脑成像)]密切合作。作为她之前在认知神经科学和功能磁共振成像(FMRI)方面的研究生和博士后培训的补充，这个专家团队提供的指导，再加上Wing博士在Miriam医院/布朗大学医学院运营的一流的行为减肥治疗计划和设施，将为Demos博士提供必要的经验和资源，以开展这项创新研究并实现她的职业目标。Demos博士的长期职业目标包括开发一项从脑科学到减肥治疗的转化研究计划，并了解人们如何以及为什么增减体重以及成功控制体重的神经和行为基础。肥胖是当今最重要的公共卫生问题之一，是导致美国发病率和死亡率的许多主要原因，包括心血管疾病、糖尿病和某些癌症。与此同时，治疗仍然很困难，许多人一直在努力减肥或保持超重。许多研究调查了肥胖者和成功减肥的人的饮食行为，但很少有人试图理解个人如何决定选择水果和蔬菜等健康食物，而不是巧克力和披萨等美味食物，以及大脑的哪些过程支持这一点。因此，在拟议的研究中，Demos博士将首先调查肥胖(N=30)、成功减肥并保持体重的女性[(N=20)]和正常体重(NW)对照组[(N=20)]的食物选择决策的神经基础。参与者将在执行食物选择决策任务时接受与事件相关的功能磁共振成像，以确定这些小组在做出食物选择决定时是否在行为或大脑活动方面有所不同。[此外，还将测量静息状态功能连接性(Rs-fcMRI)，以确定参与奖赏处理和自我控制的大脑区域如何形成网络和功能连接。]随后，30名肥胖参与者将参加行为减肥干预，并在治疗后重新扫描，以确定参与行为减肥计划是否与食物选择决策中的行为和神经变化有关。通过拟议的研究，Demos博士将获得必要的培训和经验，通过在肥胖和行为减肥治疗、统计和研究设计、神经经济学和肥胖的执行职能方面获得坚实的基础，实现她成为一名独立调查员的目标。这个项目将为决策在肥胖中的作用及其神经基础提供新的见解， 并将在肥胖的临床治疗中带来创新的方法。