Influence of Personal Responsibility Rhetoric on Public Health Outcomes in Judici

司法中个人责任言论对公共卫生结果的影响

• 批准号: 8444360
• 负责人: Richard A. Daynard
• 金额: $ 45.41万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-18 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8444360
• 关键词: Advertising; Affect; Amendment; Attention; Behavior; California; Cigarette; Code; Concept Formation; Consumption; Data Set; Documentation; Engineering; Epidemic; Ethnography; Event; Failure; Food; Food Industry; Fostering; Fraud; Health; Health Policy; Health behavior; Individual; Industry; Injury; Intervention; Investigation; Label; Laws; Legal; Light; Litigation; Marketing; Massachusetts; Medicaid; Modeling; New Hampshire; New York City; Nicotine; Nutritional; Obesity; Outcome; Peer Review; Policies; Policy Maker; Policy Making; Policy Research; Process; Public Health; Public Relations; Publications; Publishing; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Restaurants; Review Literature; Role; Rosa; Sampling; Scheme; Smoking; Societies; Testing; Text; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Trans Fats; base; court; evidence base; fast food; interest; news; public policy on tobacco; response; sweetened beverage; theories; tobacco advertising; tobacco control

Project Summary The investigators propose to examine the tobacco, fast food and sweetened beverage industries' use of personal responsibility rhetoric in legal and regulatory forums where many public health policies, both positive and negative, are created. As a response to legal context, the tobacco industry invokes personal responsibility rhetoric to focus attention away from its conduct and toward the individual in responding to the harm. When used as the basis of legislative and regulatory oversight, in judicial proceedings, or in other forums of law and policy formation, the concept of personal responsibility exploited rhetorically to obscure or shift attention from larger structural determinants - including culpable actors - that adversely affect the public's health. The investigators will identify the judicial, regulatory, legislative operational processes and related media coverage that have facilitated the use of personal responsibility rhetoric by the tobacco industry and those processes that have resisted such rhetoric in favor of analyses of structural determinants of health behaviors. The tobacco industry's personal responsibility rhetoric may also serve as a model for other commercial interests faced with the recognition that their products are harming the public's health. The investigators will examine rhetoric in the judicial, regulatory, legislative forums and related media by the fast food and sweetened beverage industries in their identified role in the obesity epidemic and compare their rhetoric with that deployed by the tobacco industry. Research will be oriented around nine key law and policy events, which will function as the investigators' theoretical samples. The theory is that the use of personal responsibility rhetoric shields from scrutiny in the judicial, regulatory and legislative forums commercially engineered determinants of health behavior. In addition to traditional law and policy research, the investigators rely on ethnographic content analysis to examine datasets containing internal industry tobacco documents, legal documents generated in the relevant legal forums, news media coverage, industry public relations documents and other documentation of conduct by the tobacco, fast food and sweetened beverage industries. The investigators will develop an initial coding scheme based on a preliminary literature reviews and examination of samples of text in the identified datasets. The investigators will test the coding on samples from the identified datasets. The study findings will be described in articles to be published in peer-reviewed publications and actively disseminated through participation in scholarly forums.

项目摘要 调查人员建议检查烟草、快餐和含糖饮料 企业在法律的和监管论坛上使用个人责任的言论， 制定了积极和消极的公共卫生政策。作为对法律的背景的回应， 烟草业援引个人责任的言论，将注意力从其 行为和对个人的伤害作出反应。当用作基础时， 在司法程序或其他法律和政策论坛中的立法和监管监督 形成，个人责任的概念被巧妙地利用，以模糊或转移 更大的结构性决定因素-包括有罪行为者-的关注， 公众的健康。 调查人员将确定司法、监管、立法运作程序， 相关媒体报道，这些报道助长了 烟草业和那些抵制这种言论，支持分析的过程， 健康行为的结构决定因素。烟草业的个人责任 修辞也可以作为其他商业利益面临的承认， 他们的产品正在危害公众的健康。调查人员将研究 司法、监管、立法论坛及相关媒体纷纷被快餐化和甜化 饮料行业在肥胖症流行中所扮演的角色，并比较他们的言论 与烟草业所使用的相同。 研究将围绕九个关键的法律和政策事件进行，这些事件将作为 研究者的理论样本这个理论认为，个人责任修辞的使用 在商业设计的司法、监管和立法论坛上免受审查 健康行为的决定因素。除了传统的法律和政策研究， 调查人员依靠人种学内容分析来检查包含内部 烟草行业文件、相关法律的论坛生成的法律的文件、新闻 媒体报道、行业公共关系文件和其他文件， 烟草、快餐和甜饮料行业。调查人员将制定一个初步的 编码方案的基础上，初步文献综述和检查样本的文本， 识别的数据集。研究人员将对来自已确定的 数据集。 研究结果将在同行评审出版物中发表的文章中进行描述， 通过参加学术论坛积极传播。

项目成果

Public health vs. Philip Morris: is it a zero-sum game?

公共卫生与菲利普·莫里斯：这是一场零和游戏吗？

• DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200031
• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Journal of public health policy.
• 作者: Daynard,RichardA

Beyond cheeseburgers: the impact of commonsense consumption acts on future obesity-related lawsuits.

除了芝士汉堡：常识性消费对未来肥胖相关诉讼的影响。

• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Food and drug law journal
• 影响因子: 0.2
• 作者: Wilking,CaraL;Daynard,RichardA
• 通讯作者: Daynard,RichardA

Tobacco industry use of judicial seminars to influence rulings in products liability litigation.

烟草业利用司法研讨会来影响产品责任诉讼的裁决。

• DOI: 10.1136/tc.2005.013128
• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Tobacco control
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Friedman,LC

Scottish court dismisses a historic smoker's suit.

苏格兰法院驳回历史悠久的吸烟者的诉讼。

• DOI: 10.1136/tc.2007.020768
• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Tobacco control
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Friedman,L;Daynard,R
• 通讯作者: Daynard,R

The origins of personal responsibility rhetoric in news coverage of the tobacco industry.

烟草业新闻报道中个人责任言论的起源。

• DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2013.301754
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: American journal of public health
• 影响因子: 12.7
• 作者: Mejia,Pamela;Dorfman,Lori;Cheyne,Andrew;Nixon,Laura;Friedman,Lissy;Gottlieb,Mark;Daynard,Richard
• 通讯作者: Daynard,Richard