2011 CSHL Harnessing Immunity to Prevent and Treat Disease Conference

说明： 这是一个长期召开的CSH会议，主要关注疫苗研究和开发。今年，我们设计了这次会议，让该领域的领军人物齐聚一堂，研究感染的先天免疫反应和获得性免疫反应之间的界面的基本生物学，重点是了解组织微环境和微生物组的作用，并将这些见解转化为人体模型。最近在免疫学的几个与这些问题相关的基本领域取得了许多进展，包括对以下方面的新见解：1)调节记忆T细胞和B细胞分化的决策机制；2)病原体、共生体和疫苗如何触发固有免疫系统，以及这些反应如何编程适应性免疫；3)调节T细胞和B细胞反应的信号级联和转录网络的性质；4)微环境和微生物群在协调天然适应性轴方面的新出现的重要性；以及4)高通量工具的应用，包括转录组和蛋白质组学，以了解人体模型中的免疫反应。基础科学方面的贡献将涵盖这些领域，并将举例说明如何将这些领域的创新纳入疫苗设计。此外，人们对免疫反应背后的新陈代谢网络也有了新的认识，我们还将邀请在这一领域进行前沿工作的专家发表演讲。我们的希望和期望是，基础科学家和参与应用的科学家之间的互动和信息交流将导致设计更具临床相关性的实验，并将向疫苗开发人员通报他们在疫苗方法中应考虑的关键新科学突破。布鲁斯·比特勒博士和克雷格·汤普森博士已经接受了我们的邀请，做了一个主题演讲。我们组织了以下会议：1)记忆细胞分化的决策，2)适应性免疫的先天编程，3)适应性免疫的先天编程II，4)器官特异性免疫，5)微生物-免疫相互作用，以及6)内的旅程：人类免疫学。我们已经邀请了该领域的几位领导人在每一次会议上发言，此外，我们将从摘要中挑选两到三个简短的演讲，以鼓励更多初级科学家的参与，并提供展示最新成果的机会。会议形式还确保了科学家之间的互动时间，特别是在用餐和海报会议期间。会议将促进互动，并为发展新的想法和方法提供一个论坛。 公共卫生相关性： 疫苗的设计是为了诱导免疫系统被激活，这样当再次遇到传染病时，被激活的B细胞产生的记忆T细胞循环抗体可以防止感染或迅速清除任何入侵的生物体。然而，研究免疫机制的科学家大多在学术界，他们并不经常与那些主要在制药行业工作的设计和测试疫苗的人互动。我们希望将这两个小组聚集在一起，交换信息，建立合作，并讨论如何启用和制造更好的疫苗。

DESCRIPTION: This is a longstanding CSH conference with a strong focus on vaccine research and development. This year we have designed the meeting to bring together leaders in the field studying the basic biology of the interface between the innate and adaptive immune responses to infections, with an emphasis on understanding the role of tissue microenvironment and the microbiome, and translating such insights into the human model. There have been many advances recently in several basic areas of immunology relevant to these issues, including new insights into: 1) the decision making mechanisms that regulate memory T and B cell differentiation, 2) how pathogens, commensals and vaccines trigger the innate immune system, and how these responses program adaptive immunity, 3) the nature of the signaling cascades and transcriptional networks that program T and B cell responses, 4) the emerging importance of microenvironments and microbiomes in orchestrating the innate-adaptive axis, and 4) the application of high throughput tools, including transcriptomics and proteomics, to understanding immune responses in the human model. The basic science contributions will cover these areas and examples will be given how innovation in these areas can be incorporated into vaccine design. In addition there is an emerging appreciation of the metabolic networks underlying immune responses, and we will have presentations by experts doing cutting edge work in this area as well. Our hope and expectation is that the interaction and exchange of information between the basic scientists and those involved in application will lead to the design of more clinically relevant experiments and will inform vaccine developers of critical new scientific breakthroughs they should consider in their vaccine approaches. Drs. Bruce Beutler and Craig Thompson have accepted our invitation to give a keynote talk. We have organized sessions on: 1) decision making in memory cell differentiation, 2) innate programming of adaptive immunity I, 3) innate programming of adaptive immunity II, 4) organ specific immunity, 5) microbiome-immune interactions, and 6) the journey within: human immunology. We have invited several leaders in the field to present in each session and in addition we will choose two to three short presentations selected from the abstracts to encourage participation of more junior scientists and to give an opportunity for presentation of late-breaking results. The meeting format also ensures time for interactions between scientists, particularly during meals and in poster sessions. The meeting will foster interaction, and provide a forum for the development of new ideas and approaches. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Vaccines are designed to induce the immune system to become primed, so that when an infectious agent is encountered again, the memory T cells circulating antibody produced by primed B cells can prevent infection or quickly clear any invading organisms. Yet, the scientists studying the mechanisms of immunity are found mostly in academia and they do not often interact with those who design and test vaccines who work mostly in the pharmaceutical industry. We hope to bring these two groups together to exchange information, forge collaborations and discuss how to enable and make better vaccines.