A Multi-Center Epidemiologic Study of Breast Cancer In African American Women

非裔美国女性乳腺癌的多中心流行病学研究

• 批准号: 8534733
• 负责人: Maureen Sanderson
• 金额: $ 10.41万
• 依托单位: MEHARRY MEDICAL COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8534733
• 关键词: Address; African American; Age; Asians; Breast; Cancer Etiology; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cessation of life; Chinese People; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Collection; Communities; DNA; Data; Diagnosis; Disease; Epidemiologic Studies; Etiology; European; Future; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Risk; Health; Interview; Investigation; Malignant Neoplasms; Modeling; Predisposition; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Risk; Risk Assessment; Sampling; South Carolina; Tennessee; The Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center at the Vanderbilt University; United States; Woman; cancer diagnosis; cancer health disparity; cancer risk; clinical risk; genetic risk factor; genome wide association study; high risk; malignant breast neoplasm; mortality; neoplasm registry; outreach; risk variant; screening

Breast cancer, the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women, is the second leading cause of cancer death. Current breast cancer mortality rates in the United States, including Tennessee and South Carolina are considerably higher among African Americans than among Caucasians. Little is understood about the etiology of breast cancer nor do we know what factors might explain why African American women tend to be diagnosed with more aggressive disease than Caucasian women. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have opened opportunities to investigate breast cancer etiology. Approximately 20 susceptibility loci have been identified from the GWAS conducted among women of Chinese and European ancestry. Recent reports found breast cancer risk consistently increased among Caucasian and Chinese women with an increasing number of some of these loci. During the three years of this proposed project we anticipate an additional 15 to 20 susceptibility loci for breast cancer will be identified through GWAS, including our study conducted among Asian women. The relevance of these loci to African American women remains under-investigated, and data from our recent pilot investigation have showed that the majority of the initially-reported genetic risk variants identified in Caucasian and Chinese cannot be directly replicated among African Americans. As a full project under the Cancer Outreach Core, the purpose of this proposed project is to investigate approximately 21 GWAS-identified loci to discover genetic risk variants relevant for African American women. In addifion, we will establish a breast cancer risk assessment model that incorporates clinical and genetic factors to better identify high-risk African American women since the only existing breast cancer risk assessment model for African Americans does not include genetic markers.

乳腺癌是妇女中最常见的癌症，是癌症死亡的第二大原因。目前在美国，包括田纳西州和南卡罗来纳州，非裔美国人的乳腺癌死亡率大大高于白人。我们对乳腺癌的病因学知之甚少，也不知道什么因素可以解释为什么非洲裔美国妇女倾向于被诊断为比白人妇女更具侵袭性的疾病。最近的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）为研究乳腺癌病因提供了机会。在中国和欧洲血统的女性中进行的GWAS中已经确定了大约20个易感基因座。最近的报告发现，随着这些基因座数量的增加，高加索和中国女性患乳腺癌的风险一直在增加。在该项目的三年期间，我们预计将通过GWAS确定另外15至20个乳腺癌易感基因座，包括我们在亚洲妇女中进行的研究。这些基因座与非裔美国妇女的相关性仍然没有得到充分的研究，我们最近的试点调查数据表明，大多数最初报告的遗传风险变异， 高加索人和中国人不能在非裔美国人中直接复制。作为癌症外展核心下的一个完整项目，该拟议项目的目的是调查大约21个GWAS确定的基因座，以发现与非洲裔美国妇女相关的遗传风险变异。此外，我们将建立一个乳腺癌风险评估模型，将临床和遗传因素结合起来，以更好地识别高风险的非洲裔美国妇女，因为非洲裔美国人现有的唯一乳腺癌风险评估模型不包括遗传标记。