Motives for Simultaneous Alcohol and Tobacco Use in Young Adults

年轻人同时饮酒和吸烟的动机

• 批准号: 8583215
• 负责人: Neal Doran
• 金额: $ 18.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-10 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8583215
• 关键词: Adolescent; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Anterior; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Behavioral inhibition; Bilateral; Brain; Clinical Research; Cognition; Cognitive; Collection; Communities; Cues; Data; Data Collection; Dependence; Development; Economics; Effectiveness; Enrollment; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exhibits; Expectancy; Exposure to; Factor Analysis; Family; Focus Groups; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Genetic; Goals; Health Care Costs; Heavy Drinking; Impulsivity; Individual; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Laboratories; Left; Light; Link; Matched Group; Measures; Methods; Nature; Neurocognitive; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Property; Prospective Studies; Psychometrics; Public Health; Race; Reaction; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Series; Smoking; Social Conformity; Staging; Surveys; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Use Disorder; Tobacco use; United States; Ventral Striatum; alcohol craving; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; alcohol exposure; alcohol response; base; cingulate cortex; college; cost effectiveness; craving; cross reactivity; cue reactivity; demographics; design; hazardous drinking; interest; longitudinal design; mortality; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; peer; public health relevance; research study; sex; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although it is well-established that alcohol and tobacco use are linked, relatively little is known about the nature of the relationship, as most research has focused on one substance or the other. The purpose of the present study is to explore potential differences at different stages of SATU in terms of risk factors and reactivity t environmental substance cues and to develop a measure of motives and expectancies for simultaneous use of alcohol and tobacco (SATU). Utilizing items drawn from existing alcohol- and tobacco-specific measures and [previously tested in focus group discussions], we will develop a measure of motives and expectancies for alcohol SATU. Next, we will recruit 18-25 year olds (n = 300) from the community. Subjects will be divided evenly into four groups based on current alcohol and tobacco use: heavy/heavy, heavy/light, light/heavy, and light/light. Subjects will be enrolled and complete the new measure as well as assessment of a number of risk factors online. Finally, 60 subjects (15 from each group, matched on age, sex, race/ethnicity) will be selected to participate in an fMRI session in which they will be exposed to alcohol, tobacco, [and SATU] cues. Cue reactivity will be measured in terms of brain activity and self-reported craving for alcohol and tobacco. Psychometric properties of the new measure of co-use motives and expectancies will be assessed via exploratory [and confirmatory] factor analysis. We anticipate several distinct but related factors, including enhancement, automaticity, and social/conformity motives. We will also evaluate the validity of the new scale by comparing scores among the groups, and correlating scores with the assessed risk factors. We hypothesize that the two heavy alcohol use groups will exhibit the most positive expectancies and strongest motives for co-use, followed by the two light alcohol groups. It is also expected that scores will be significantly correlated with frequency of SATU and with several risk factors for substance use. Finally, we predict that both heavy alcohol groups will report more positive expectancies for SATU than for either substance alone, and that their expectancies for SATU will be more positive than the other groups. In terms of the fMRI task, we expect that heavy alcohol users will exhibit greater BOLD and craving reactivity to alcohol-only cues compared with others. We also hypothesize that heavier co-users will exhibit cross-reactivity, such that alcohol-only cues elicit tobacco as well as alcohol craving, and vice versa. Finally, we expect that SATU cues will elicit greater BOLD and craving responses than alcohol-only cues in those who report frequent simultaneous use.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管良好的酒精和烟草使用是链接的，但对这种关系的性质知之甚少，因为大多数研究都集中在一种或另一种物质上。本研究的目的是在危险因素和反应性环境物质线索方面探索SATU不同阶段的潜在差异，并开发出同时使用酒精和烟草（SATU）的动机和期望的度量。 利用从现有的酒精和烟草特异性措施中得出的项目以及[以前在焦点小组讨论中进行了测试]，我们将开发一种对酒精SATU的动机和期望的度量。接下来，我们将从社区招募18-25岁的孩子（n = 300）。受试者将根据当前的酒精和烟草使用均匀分为四组：重/重/重/轻，轻/重/重和轻/轻/轻/光。受试者将被招募并完成新措施以及在线评估许多风险因素。最后，将选择60名受试者（每个小组的15名受试者，性别，种族/种族）将被选中参加FMRI会议，他们将接触到他们 酒精，烟草和[satu]提示。提示反应性将以大脑活动和自我报告的酒精和烟草的渴望来衡量。 新的共同利用动机和预期措施的心理测量特性将通过探索性[和确认性]分析评估。我们预计会有几个不同但相关的因素，包括增强，自动性和社会/顺从性动机。我们还将通过比较组之间的分数来评估新量表的有效性，并将分数与评估的风险因素相关联。我们假设这两个重型酒精饮酒组将表现出最积极的期望值和最强的共同利用动机，其次是两个轻型酒精组。还可以预期，得分将与SATU的频率显着相关，并与多种使用物质的风险因素相关。最后，我们预测，两个重饮酒群体将报告对SATU的预期比仅对任何一种物质都更积极，并且他们对SATU的期望将比其他群体更积极。在功能磁共振成像的任务方面，我们预计与其他人相比，大型酒精使用者对仅限酒精提示的反应性更大。我们还假设较重的共同用户将表现出交叉反应性，从而使酒精的提示引起烟草和渴望，反之亦然。最后，我们预计SATU提示将与唯一同时使用的人相比，与仅酒精提示相比，SATU提示会引起更大的大胆和渴望的反应。