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Motives for Simultaneous Alcohol and Tobacco Use in Young Adults

年轻人同时饮酒和吸烟的动机

基本信息

批准号：
8733113
负责人：
Neal Doran
金额：
$ 21.61万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-10 至 2016-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8733113
关键词：
Adolescent Affect Age Alcohol consumption Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Anterior Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Genetics Behavioral inhibition Bilateral Brain Clinical Research Cognition Cognitive Collection Communities Cues Data Data Collection Dependence Development Economics Effectiveness Enrollment Epidemiology Ethnic Origin Exhibits Expectancy Exposure to Factor Analysis Family Focus Groups Frequencies Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Genetic Goals Health Care Costs Heavy Drinking Impulsivity Individual Insula of Reil Intervention Laboratories Left Light Link Matched Group Measures Methods Nature Neurocognitive Outcome Participant Patient Self-Report Pattern Performance Persons Property Prospective Studies Psychometrics Public Health Race Reaction Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Design Risk Risk Factors Sampling Sampling Studies Series Smoking Social Conformity Staging Surveys Testing Time Tobacco Tobacco Use Disorder Tobacco use United States Ventral Striatum alcohol craving alcohol effect alcohol expectancy alcohol exposure alcohol response base cingulate cortex college cost effectiveness craving cross reactivity cue reactivity demographics design hazardous drinking interest longitudinal design mortality neuroimaging neuromechanism peer public health relevance research study sex young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although it is well-established that alcohol and tobacco use are linked, relatively little is known about the nature of the relationship, as most research has focused on one substance or the other. The purpose of the present study is to explore potential differences at different stages of SATU in terms of risk factors and reactivity t environmental substance cues and to develop a measure of motives and expectancies for simultaneous use of alcohol and tobacco (SATU). Utilizing items drawn from existing alcohol- and tobacco-specific measures and [previously tested in focus group discussions], we will develop a measure of motives and expectancies for alcohol SATU. Next, we will recruit 18-25 year olds (n = 300) from the community. Subjects will be divided evenly into four groups based on current alcohol and tobacco use: heavy/heavy, heavy/light, light/heavy, and light/light. Subjects will be enrolled and complete the new measure as well as assessment of a number of risk factors online. Finally, 60 subjects (15 from each group, matched on age, sex, race/ethnicity) will be selected to participate in an fMRI session in which they will be exposed to alcohol, tobacco, [and SATU] cues. Cue reactivity will be measured in terms of brain activity and self-reported craving for alcohol and tobacco. Psychometric properties of the new measure of co-use motives and expectancies will be assessed via exploratory [and confirmatory] factor analysis. We anticipate several distinct but related factors, including enhancement, automaticity, and social/conformity motives. We will also evaluate the validity of the new scale by comparing scores among the groups, and correlating scores with the assessed risk factors. We hypothesize that the two heavy alcohol use groups will exhibit the most positive expectancies and strongest motives for co-use, followed by the two light alcohol groups. It is also expected that scores will be significantly correlated with frequency of SATU and with several risk factors for substance use. Finally, we predict that both heavy alcohol groups will report more positive expectancies for SATU than for either substance alone, and that their expectancies for SATU will be more positive than the other groups. In terms of the fMRI task, we expect that heavy alcohol users will exhibit greater BOLD and craving reactivity to alcohol-only cues compared with others. We also hypothesize that heavier co-users will exhibit cross-reactivity, such that alcohol-only cues elicit tobacco as well as alcohol craving, and vice versa. Finally, we expect that SATU cues will elicit greater BOLD and craving responses than alcohol-only cues in those who report frequent simultaneous use.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然酒精和烟草的使用是有联系的，但对这种关系的性质知之甚少，因为大多数研究都集中在一种物质或另一种物质上。本研究的目的是探讨在酒精和烟草同时使用的不同阶段，在危险因素和对环境物质线索的反应性方面的潜在差异，并开发一种测量酒精和烟草同时使用的动机和期望（SATU）。利用从现有的酒精和烟草特定措施中提取的项目和[以前在焦点小组讨论中测试过的]，我们将开发一种衡量酒精SATU动机和期望的措施。接下来，我们将从社区中招募18-25岁的年轻人（n = 300）。受试者将根据当前的酒精和烟草使用情况平均分为四组：重度/重度、重度/轻度、轻度/重度和轻度/轻度。受试者将被登记并在线完成新的测量方法以及一些风险因素的评估。最后，60名受试者（每组15名，年龄，性别，种族/民族相匹配）将被选中参加fMRI会议，他们将暴露于