Social Cognitive Theory and Nondaily Smoking, Escalation and Desistance

社会认知理论与非日常吸烟、升级和戒烟

• 批准号: 9064175
• 负责人: Neal Doran
• 金额: $ 48.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9064175
• 关键词: Adult; Advertising; American; Anhedonia; Behavior; Behavioral; Car Phone; Cellular Phone; Characteristics; Cigarette; Cognitive; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dependence; Development; Electronics; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Expectancy; Exposure to; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Impulsivity; Individual; Industry; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nicotine; Outcome; Pattern; Personality; Physical Dependence; Platelet Factor 4; Play; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Probability; Psychological reinforcement; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Social Environment; Staging; Stress; Stressful Event; Subgroup; System; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Use Cessation; Withdrawal; base; contextual factors; design; effective intervention; mortality; negative affect; non-smoker; non-smoking; polytobacco use; programs; smoking restriction; social cognitive theory; therapy design; therapy development; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of the program of research of which this proposal is part is the development of tobacco cessation programs targeted at light smokers at greatest risk for progressing to daily smoking. Recent evidence suggests the prevalence of light and intermittent smoking (LITS) has increased dramatically. LITS increases morbidity and mortality, and many intermittent smokers progress to riskier daily smoking. Little is known about factors that are associated with LITS, or that confers risk for transition to daily smoking, or promotes transition to non-smoking. With LITS, smoking behavior may be based on reinforcement rather than alleviation of withdrawal. Most cessation programs are based on a physical dependence model, and may therefore be less effective for non-daily smokers. LITS, as well as use of other nicotine and tobacco products, is most common in younger populations. This proposal is conceptually based in Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), which posits that behavioral decisions are determined by cognitive factors such as self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and behavioral intentions; these are influenced by the social environment. We hypothesize that changes in smoking patterns will be associated with these constructs and how they change over time. The purpose of the proposed research is to: (1) longitudinally examine LITS stability versus transitions to daily and non-smoking; (2) to test whether the SCT model predicts the probability of smoking stage transitions, (3) to evaluate whether SCT effects are moderated by personality and environmental factors, and (4) to test the hypothesis that use of other nicotine and tobacco products potentiates the risk of progression from LITS to daily smoking. Our goal is to analyze which variables play a role in longitudinal smoking outcomes and to assess mechanisms that explain these effects. The proposed research will lead to a better understanding of mechanisms by which intermittent smokers become daily and non-smokers, and is consistent with President Obama's emphasis on prevention of negative health outcomes. These data may have important implications for prevention and treatment. By identifying risk and protective factors that promote transition to daily and non-smoking, we hope to lay the groundwork for the development of interventions that explicitly target intermittent smokers and their smoking motives.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的一部分研究计划的长期目标是开发针对轻度吸烟者的烟草戒烟计划，其最大风险是促进日常吸烟的风险。最近的证据表明，光和间歇性吸烟（LIT）的流行率急剧增加。 LITS会增加发病率和死亡率，许多间歇性吸烟者会发展到每日风险的吸烟。几乎没有 知道与LITS相关的因素，或赋予过渡到日常吸烟的风险或促进过渡到非吸烟的风险。随着衰落，吸烟行为可能是基于加强而不是减轻戒断的基础。大多数戒烟计划都是基于物理依赖模型的，因此对于非每日吸烟者来说可能不太有效。在年轻的人群中，LITS以及其他尼古丁和烟草产品的使用最为常见。该提议在概念上是基于社会认知理论（SCT），该理论认为行为决策是由认知因素（例如自我效能感，预期和行为意图）决定的。这些受社会环境的影响。我们假设吸烟模式的变化将与这些结构以及它们随时间变化有关。拟议的研究的目的是：（1）纵向检查稳定性与向日常和非吸烟的过渡； （2）测试SCT模型是否预测了吸烟阶段过渡的概率，（3）评估SCT效应是否由人格和环境因素调节，以及（4）测试使用其他尼古丁和烟草产物的假设增强了每天吸烟的进展风险。我们的目标是分析哪些变量在纵向吸烟结果中起作用，并评估解释这些影响的机制。拟议的研究将使对间歇性吸烟者每天和非吸烟者的机制有了更好的了解，并且与奥巴马总统强调预防负面健康状况的强调一致。这些数据可能对预防和治疗具有重要意义。通过确定促进每日和不吸烟过渡的风险和保护因素，我们希望为开发干预措施奠定基础，这些干预措施明确针对间歇性吸烟者及其吸烟动机。