Acquisition and extinction of affective bias in perception

感知中情感偏差的获得和消除

基本信息

批准号：
8452069
负责人：
MINGZHOU DING
金额：
$ 33.35万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-04-02 至 2017-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8452069
关键词：
Address Affective Algorithms Amygdaloid structure Anger Animals Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Biomedical Engineering Brain Brain region Categories Clinical Clinical Research Cognitive Computing Methodologies Cues Diagnostic Discrimination Disease Electroencephalogram Emotional Emotions Etiology Event Evolution Extinction (Psychology)Face Fright Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Galvanic Skin Response Goals Heart Rate Human Insula of Reil Interdisciplinary Study Knowledge Laboratories Learning Maintenance Measures Mediating Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Modeling Mood Disorders Neuroanatomy Neurons Neurosciences Patient Self-Report Patients Perception Physiological Prefrontal Cortex Process Psychophysiology Research Project Grants Role Sensory Signal Transduction Snakes Spiders Stimulus Symptoms Testing Time Training Validation Visual Visual Cortex Visual system structure base conditioned fear conditioning emotional experience emotional stimulus experience human data indexing learning extinction neurofeedback neuromechanism neurophysiology novel relating to nervous system response stimulus processing treatment effect visual information visual process visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Clinical neuroscience studies have suggested that dysfunctional reactivity of the brain circuits mediating emotion may be a key factor in the etiology and maintenance of many psychiatric disorders. It is also well established that the sensory cortical response to emotional stimuli is an important part of a cascade of events - physiological, cognitive, and behavioral - that define emotional reactivity in humans. For instance, anxiety patients show visual responses that are both biased towards threat cues and lacking discriminative accuracy. Mechanistic knowledge is needed that addresses the question of how such perceptual biases towards threat features are acquired (and unlearned) in the human visual system. This has been difficult because reliable methods to quantify single trials of neural activity are not available at this time. In this multidisciplinary research project, we propose to use novel computational and experimental approaches to fill this gap. We aim to objectively characterize and quantify - on a trial by trial basis - the temporal evolution of neura changes in the human visual system that accompany the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear. An objective and reliable description of the time course of visual changes during fear learning will assist in ongoing efforts aiming to develop objective diagnostic categories of fear disorders, to understand and quantify effects of treatment, and to develop new forms of attention/perception trainings in the fear and anxiety disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：临床神经科学研究表明，介导情绪的大脑电路的功能失调反应性可能是许多精神疾病的病因和维持的关键因素。还可以很好地确定，对情绪刺激的感觉皮质反应是定义人类情绪反应性的一系列级联事件的重要组成部分 - 生理，认知和行为。例如，焦虑患者表现出的视觉反应既偏向威胁线索又缺乏歧视性准确性。需要机械知识，以解决人类视觉系统中如何获得（和未读过）这种感知偏见的问题。这很困难，因为目前尚不可用地量化神经活动的单个试验的可靠方法。在这个多学科研究项目中，我们建议使用新颖的计算和实验方法来填补这一空白。我们的目标是在试验的基础试验中客观地表征和量化人类视觉系统中神经拉的时间变化的时间演变，这些变化伴随着有条件恐惧的获取和灭绝。对恐惧学习期间的视觉变化的客观和可靠的描述将有助于努力开发恐惧障碍的客观诊断类别，了解和量化治疗的影响，并在恐惧和焦虑症中开发新形式的注意力/感知培训。