Relationships, Sexual Norms, and HIV Prevention Among African American Youth

非裔美国青年的关系、性规范和艾滋病毒预防

• 批准号: 8487260
• 负责人: KARIN Kristina COYLE
• 金额: $ 43.79万
• 依托单位: EDUCATION, TRAINING, & RESEARCH ASSOCS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2014-10-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8487260
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Affect; African American; Age; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Belief; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Coitus; Communication; Communities; Data; Development; Education; Educational Curriculum; Electronics; Elements; Ensure; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Event; Future; Gender; Genital system; HIV; Hand; Home environment; Infection; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Literature; Methods; Minority; Modeling; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Personal Digital Assistant; Play; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Public Health; Race; Randomized; Reaction; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Risk-Taking; Role; Schools; Self Efficacy; Sexual Partners; Sexuality; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Site; Staging; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Unplanned pregnancy; Youth; base; condoms; design; disorder risk; early adolescence; effective intervention; evidence base; innovation; middle school; parent-child communication; peer; positive youth development; pregnancy prevention; pressure; prevent; programs; sex; sex risk; sexual relationship; skills; social; social norm; statistics; stem; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Urban minority youth, particularly African Americans, are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (CDC, 2007a, 2007b, 2008a). Although early adolescence is a valuable window to focus prevention efforts, there are relatively few evidence-based HIV prevention interventions for middle school youth that have been tested and found effective in school settings. Consistent with the objectives of the NICHD RFA, the proposed study is designed to address these gaps by developing and testing a new theory-based intervention for urban, minority, middle school youth that builds on essential elements of sexuality development, sexual risk behavior prevention, and positive youth development. The proposed study will assess the effects of two theoretically based intervention components that aim to promote relationship development as an avenue of reducing sexual risk taking behaviors: (1) a skills- and norm-based HIV, other STI, and pregnancy prevention curriculum that will focus on relationships and related behaviors that may affect disease risk, such as developing healthy relationships, sexual partnering (e.g., multiple and concurrent partners), relationship norms (e.g., when to have sex in relationships), condom use and HIV/STI testing within relationships, and ending unhealthy relationships; and (2) a school-wide social norms component that will feature monthly peer-led activities (some delivered via electronic media) to permeate the school environment with pro-social norms regarding healthy relationships--reinforcing and extending the potential effects of the classroom curriculum, and providing positive models for other youth. The program will be evaluated to determine its efficacy in altering behavioral intentions and sexual risk taking behaviors (e.g., sexual initiation, number and type of partners, condom use) and related determinants, such as functional knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, perceived norms, parent-child communication, sexual limits, and awareness of risky situations. The evaluation will feature a randomized controlled design involving 10 schools (approximately 1,500 students). Five schools would receive the intervention; the other five would serve as comparison sites. Students would be assessed 3 times during the study--baseline, 6 and 18 months, using self report surveys administered with audio-enhanced personal digital assistants (APDAs). The proposed study would be among the first to evaluate an HIV prevention program for middle school youth that features relationships as a core theme. Further, resulting data would expand the limited literature on prevention activities for early adolescents; it would also add to a growing body of literature on adolescent relationship development, particularly among African American and other urban minority youth.

项目总结/摘要 城市少数民族青年，特别是非裔美国人，受艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他疾病的影响特别大。 性传播感染（STIs）（CDC，2007年a，2007年b，2008年a）。虽然青春期早期是一个有价值的 虽然艾滋病毒/艾滋病是集中预防工作的窗口，但针对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的循证预防干预措施相对较少， 在学校环境中经过测试并发现有效的中学青年。符合 根据NICHD RFA的目标，拟议的研究旨在通过开发和测试 一个新的理论为基础的干预城市，少数民族，中学青年，建立在基本要素， 性发展、性风险行为预防和积极的青年发展。拟定研究 将评估旨在促进关系的两个理论基础干预组件的效果 发展作为减少性风险行为的一种途径：（1）基于技能和规范的艾滋病毒，其他 性传播感染和怀孕预防课程，将重点放在关系和相关行为，可能会影响 疾病风险，如发展健康的关系，性伙伴关系（例如，多重并发 合作伙伴），关系规范（例如，性关系中的性行为）、安全套的使用和艾滋病毒/性传播感染检测， 关系，结束不健康的关系;（2）全校范围的社会规范组成部分，将 每月举办由同学主导的活动（部分活动透过电子媒体进行），以渗透学校环境 与关于健康关系的亲社会规范-加强和扩大的潜在影响， 课堂课程，并为其他青年提供积极的榜样。该计划将被评估， 确定其在改变行为意图和性冒险行为方面的功效（例如，性启蒙， 性伙伴的数量和类型，避孕套的使用）和相关的决定因素，如实用知识，态度， 信仰，认知规范，亲子沟通，性限制，以及对危险情况的认识。的 评估将采用随机对照设计，涉及10所学校（约1 500名学生）。 五所学校将接受干预;其他五所学校将作为比较地点。学生可就 在研究期间评估3次-基线、6个月和18个月，使用自我报告调查， 音频增强型个人数字助理（APDA）。这项拟议中的研究将是第一批评估 一个针对中学生的艾滋病预防项目，以人际关系为核心主题。此外，本发明还 由此产生的数据将扩大关于早期青少年预防活动的有限文献;它还将 增加了关于青少年关系发展的越来越多的文献，特别是在非洲 美国和其他城市少数民族青年。