New HIV Intervention Approaches for African American Youth

非裔美国青年艾滋病毒干预新方法

• 批准号: 7753821
• 负责人: KARIN Kristina COYLE
• 金额: $ 14.88万
• 依托单位: EDUCATION, TRAINING, & RESEARCH ASSOCS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7753821
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Affect; African American; Attitude; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Belief; Calculi; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Childhood; Clinic; Communities; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive methods; Data; Development; Disadvantaged; Effectiveness; Ensure; Ethnic group; Event; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Fostering; Future; Goals; HIV; Health; Infection prevention; Intervention; Knowledge; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Methods; Play; Population; Population Group; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk-Taking; Role; Schools; Self Efficacy; Sex Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Students; Testing; Time; Youth; base; condoms; design; disorder risk; efficacy trial; evidence base; experience; health disparity; high school; insight; intervention effect; novel strategies; peer; prevent; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; sex; sex risk; sexual relationship; social; social networking website; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): African American adolescents are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (CDC, 2007a, 2007b, 2008a), highlighting the importance of further prevention research for this population. The goal of the proposed study is to address these disparities by developing and testing a new intervention approach that focuses on relationships (e.g., the different types of relationships, the context in which youth "hook up"), as well as factors that might reduce sexual risk taking (e.g., concurrency of sexual partners, norms about the sequencing of romantic and intimate events in relationships), potentially important behavioral aims for African American youth who tend to report having more sexual partners than other racial/ethnic groups (Eaton et al., 2006). The potential effects of the intervention will be tested using a matched pilot-test design involving 2 schools (approximately 400 students), in which the schools are randomly assigned to either the intervention or comparison condition. Youth will be assessed 3 times during the study: baseline, 3 and 6 months following the intervention, providing data on sexual risk taking behaviors (e.g., sexual partners, condom use) and related determinants, such as functional knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, perceived self efficacy, and perceived norms related to relationships and sexual behaviors. The study also will yield data on characteristics of adolescents' relationships (e.g., how romantic relationships are developed, what factors characterize different types of relationships, how adolescents view the quality of their relationships). Consistent with the R21 mechanism, the study findings would yield new data on the potential promise and feasibility of a relationship-based approach to HIV prevention that could be tested in a randomized controlled trial. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: African American adolescents are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STI). More effective and accessible interventions are needed to address the HIV/STI related health disparities experienced by these youth. The proposed project has the potential to be of public health significance in the following ways: 1) it provides an additional resource for schools to address HIV/STI risk among youth, particularly African American youth; 2) if effective, a relationships-based approach to HIV would have broad appeal to schools, community-based organizations, and clinics serving adolescents because of its developmental focus; and 3) the study results could yield new insights regarding adolescents' relationships, potentially leading to promising strategies for reaching African American adolescents, an important contribution given the alarming rates of HIV and other STIs among this population group.

描述（由申请人提供）：非裔美国青少年不成比例地受到艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他性传播感染（STI）的影响（CDC，2007年a，2007年b，2008年a），强调了进一步预防研究的重要性。拟议研究的目标是通过开发和测试一种新的干预方法来解决这些差异，这种方法侧重于关系（例如，不同类型的关系，青年“勾搭”的背景），以及可能减少性风险的因素（例如，性伴侣的并发性，关于关系中浪漫和亲密事件的顺序的规范），对于倾向于报告比其他种族/民族群体拥有更多性伴侣的非裔美国青年来说潜在重要的行为目标（Eaton等人，2006年）。将使用涉及2所学校（约400名学生）的匹配试点测试设计来测试干预的潜在影响，其中学校被随机分配到干预或比较条件。在研究期间，将对青少年进行3次评估：基线、干预后3个月和6个月，提供关于性风险行为的数据（例如，性伴侣、避孕套的使用）和相关的决定因素，如功能性知识、态度、信念、自我效能感以及与关系和性行为相关的认知规范。这项研究还将产生关于青少年关系特征的数据（例如，浪漫关系是如何发展的，不同类型关系的特征是什么，青少年如何看待他们关系的质量）。与R21机制一致，研究结果将产生新的数据，说明基于关系的艾滋病毒预防方法的潜在前景和可行性，可以在随机对照试验中进行测试。 公共卫生相关性：非裔美国青少年受艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他性传播感染（STI）的影响不成比例。需要采取更有效和更容易获得的干预措施，以解决这些青年在艾滋病毒/性传播感染方面的健康差距。拟议的项目有可能在以下方面具有公共卫生意义：1）它为学校提供了额外的资源，以解决青年，特别是非洲裔美国青年中的艾滋病毒/性传播感染风险; 2）如果有效，基于关系的艾滋病毒方法将对学校、社区组织和为青少年服务的诊所产生广泛的吸引力，因为它的发展重点; 3）研究结果可以产生关于青少年关系的新见解，可能导致有希望的策略，以达到非洲裔美国青少年，一个重要的贡献，鉴于艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染的惊人比率在这一人口群体。