MOTIVATIONAL STATE AS A MECHANISM OF COGNITIVE SELF-REGULATION

摘要 这个项目的重点是探索心理和神经机制的相互作用 动机和认知控制，以及这种互动可能如何受到不同维度的影响 个体差异。动机可能为认知自我调节提供一种基本机制。初级阶段 在这个项目中检验的假设是认知和行为目标被激活、优先排序和维持 根据他们对个人的激励价值。此外，不同的情感和动机状态可能 对认知加工和认知控制有明显影响。目前的提案提供了一个 创新的和理论驱动的认知神经科学方法来解决这个问题，通过研究三个 不同的情感/动机维度--以他人为导向(社交)与以自我为导向，内在与外在，以及 积极情绪与奖赏动机--关于它们对认知神经机制的影响 控制力。具体地说，在一项大样本的神经成像研究中，我们将探索它们之间的差异 动机状态影响认知任务执行过程中的行为和脑活动动态 控制要求高(提示任务切换)。该项目的一个关键组成部分将是全面和 严格检验个体差异对理论上相关动机的调节作用 特征。对于每个动机如何，提供了明确的和理论指导的可检验的假设 维度可能会影响认知控制的组成部分，以及相关的神经回路。这个项目 承诺具有实质性的意义，填补了关于 动机是认知自我调节的一种基本机制。因此，这项工作可能会产生长期影响 关于教育和工作实践，以及对衰弱的临床疾病的治疗，例如 精神分裂症、抑郁症、多动症和药物滥用。

ABSTRACT This project focuses on exploring the psychological and neural mechanisms that underlie the interaction of motivation and cognitive control, and how this interaction might be influenced by different dimensions of individual difference. Motivation may provide a basic mechanism of cognitive self-regulation. The primary hypothesis tested in this project is that cognitive and behavioral goals are activated, prioritized, and maintained according to their motivational value to the individual. Moreover, different affective and motivational states may have distinct influences on cognitive processing and cognitive control. The current proposal provides an innovative and theoretically-driven cognitive neuroscience approach towards this question, by examining three different affective/motivational dimensions - other-oriented (social) vs. self-oriented, intrinsic vs. extrinsic, and positive affect vs. reward-based motivation - in terms of their influence on the neural mechanisms of cognitive control. Specifically, in a large-sample neuroimaging study we will explore how differences between these motivational states impact behavior and brain activity dynamics during performance of a cognitive task with high control demands (cued task-switching). A key component of the project will be to comprehensively and rigorously examine the moderating influence of individual differences in theoretically relevant motivational traits. Clear-cut and theoretically-guided testable hypotheses are provided regarding how each motivational dimension might impact components of cognitive control, and the associated neural circuitry. This project promises to have substantial significance by filling an important gap in knowledge regarding the role of motivation as a basic mechanism of cognitive self-regulation. As such, this work may have long-term impact on educational and workplace practices, and treatments for debilitating clinical disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression, ADHD, and substance abuse.