Distribution, Provenance, and Human Health Implications of Marine Polybrominated

海洋多溴化合物的分布、来源和人类健康影响

• 批准号: 8412957
• 负责人: Lihini Aluwihare
• 金额: $ 12.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8412957
• 关键词: Age; Aquaculture; Area; Biological; Biota; Body Burden; California; Cattle; Collaborations; Consumption; Cyanobacterium; Data; Development; Diet; Dietary intake; Dolphins; Domestic Fowls; Embryo; Environment; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Farming environment; Fisheries; Fishes; Food Webs; Gas Chromatography; Habitats; Habits; Hake; Head; Health; Human; Human Milk; Human body; Invertebrates; Investigation; Isotopes; Link; Liver; Mammals; Marines; Marketing; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measurement; Meat; Metabolic Biotransformation; Methods; Modeling; Oceans; Online Systems; Organism; Participant; Perch; Phase; Populations at Risk; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Red Algae; Research; Research Design; Resources; Risk; Role; Route; Sample Size; Sampling; Scombridae; Seafood; Source; Squid; Stomach Content; Study Section; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Tuna; Work; Zebrafish; analog; analytical method; anthropogenesis; base; coastal water; design; dibenzo(1,4)dioxin; exposed human population; food consumption; interest; novel; pentabromodiphenyl ether; phenyl ether; pollutant; sex; stable isotope

Recently the distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE analogs) - the methoxylated and hydroxylated derivatives (MeO-BDE and OH-BDE) and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs)- as well as congeners of the halogenated methyl bipyrroles (MBP) and dimethyl bipyrroles (DMBP) have been examined in a variety of wildlife and humans, where they can often be present at higher concentrations than anthropogenic pollutants. Like anthropogenic pollutants they also bioaccumulate, seem to biomagnify, and toxicity has been demonstrated for at least a subset! However, systematic studies aimed at linking the distribution of HOCs present in apex marine predators to potential source environments through examination of prey and primary producers (a focus of PI and P2) are rare. In this proposal, Aluwihare and Hoh build on an existing collaboration to combine a non-targeted analytical method with a food web-based research approach to assess sources and fates of the entire suite of HOCs in the Southern California Bight Region. In the initial phase of this project the relatively high concentration and "unlimited" sample size represented by stranded marine mammals will be leveraged to identify and definitively characterize the suite of HOCs (> 200) bioaccumulating in wildlife. This non-targeted approach is facilitated by a novel application of comprehensive wo-dimensional gas chromatography with time- of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC/TOF-MS), and relies on collaboration with NOAA and the Southern California Coastal Water Resources Project (SCCWRP). Discovery of new compounds identified by the non-targeted method, will be aided by a variety of authentic standards provided for us by PI and P2. To definitively identify HOC contributions from marine biogenic sources a compound specific radiocarbon and stable isotope approach will also be applied. A recently designed 2D preparative GC will make this research possible. To further establish source, collaborations with PI and P2 will screen a variety of habitat specific primary producers, lower trophic level organisms and pure bacterial cultures for their ability to make HOCs of interest. These major areas of research are tightly integrated with the Analytical Core. To assess human exposure, relevant HOCs will be examined in breast milk samples, and epidemiological investigations will assist in the interpretation of these results with respect to participants' seafood consumption habits. This work will be carried out in collaboration with Christina Chambers, Michelle Leff and Jae Kim (all at UCSD), These data will further inform a study design to examine HOC distributions in relevant seafood products available to consumers. The exposure studies are planned to ultimately assess HOC dietary intake by age and sex from food consumption, and will be done in collaboration with Melbourne Hovell and Jenny Quintana (SDSU). A final component, headed by Kristin Pangallo (Colgate) will begin to interrogate the toxicity of a subset of natural HOCs synthesized and/or isolated by PI and P2. Delineating sources and fates of marine natural HOCs with respect to human health will better inform fisheries management and aquaculture practices, assist with quantifying risks associated with diet, and help to design relevant multiple exposure studies with respect to HOC toxicity.

最近，对多溴联苯醚（PBDE类似物）-甲氧基化和羟基化衍生物（MeO-BDE和OH-BDE）和多溴二苯并对二恶英（PBDD）-以及卤代甲基联吡咯（MBP）和二甲基联吡咯（DMBP）的同系物在各种野生动物和人类体内的分布情况进行了研究，这些物质在野生动物和人类体内的浓度通常高于人为污染物。像人为污染物一样，它们也会生物累积，似乎会生物放大， 并且至少在一个子集中证明了毒性！然而，系统的研究，旨在联系分布的HOCs存在于顶端海洋捕食者的潜在源环境，通过检查猎物和初级生产者（一个重点的PI和P2）是罕见的。在这份提案中，Answihare和Hoh在现有合作的基础上，将联合收割机与基于食物网的研究方法结合起来，评估南加州湾整套HOCs的来源和归宿 地区在该项目的初始阶段，将利用搁浅的海洋哺乳动物所代表的相对高浓度和“无限”样本量来确定野生动物体内生物累积的一系列有机氯农药（> 200）并确定其特性。这种非靶向的方法是由一种新的应用，全面二维气相色谱与飞行时间质谱促进 （GCxGC/TOF-MS），并依赖于与NOAA和南加州沿海水资源项目（SCCWRP）的合作。通过非靶向方法鉴定的新化合物的发现将得到P1和P2为我们提供的各种真实标准的帮助。为了明确确定海洋生物源的HOC贡献，还将采用化合物特定放射性碳和稳定同位素方法。最近设计的2D制备GC将使这项研究成为可能。为了进一步建立来源，与P1和P2的合作将筛选各种栖息地特异性初级生产者， 较低营养级生物和纯细菌培养物产生感兴趣的HOC的能力。这些主要研究领域与分析核心紧密结合。为了评估人类的接触情况，将在母乳样本中检测相关的HOCs，流行病学调查将有助于解释参与者食用海鲜习惯的结果。这项工作将与Christina Chambers，Michelle Leff和Jae Kim（都在UCSD）合作进行，这些数据将进一步为研究设计提供信息，以检查相关海鲜产品中的HOC分布， 消费者计划与墨尔本Hovell和Jenny Quintana（SDSU）合作进行暴露研究，以最终评估不同年龄和性别的食物摄入量中的HOC饮食摄入量。由Kristin Pangallo（高露洁）领导的最后一个组成部分将开始研究由P1和P2合成和/或分离的天然HOC子集的毒性。描述海洋天然HOC与人类健康相关的来源和归宿将更好地为渔业管理和水产养殖实践提供信息，有助于量化与饮食相关的风险，并有助于设计HOC毒性相关的多重暴露研究。