Role of decision aid desgin in single event decision making

决策辅助设计在单事件决策中的作用

• 批准号: 8558452
• 负责人: ANGELA FAGERLIN
• 金额: $ 18.91万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-26 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8558452
• 关键词: Attention; Attitude; Awareness; Benefits and Risks; Biopsy; Cancer Patient; Clinical; Communication; Communication Research; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Decision Aid; Decision Making; Educational process of instructing; Effectiveness; Equilibrium; Event; Eye; Face; Goals; Health; Health Communication; Healthcare; High Risk Woman; Impotence; Incidence; Internet; Intervention; Knowledge; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Mastectomy; Medical; Methods; Michigan; Newly Diagnosed; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Patient Preferences; Patient observation; Patients; Perception; Persons; Phase; Physicians; Play; Process; Prostate; Qualitative Methods; Quality of life; Radiation; Raloxifene; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Regrets; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Surveys; Tamoxifen; Techniques; Testing; Time; University Hospitals; Urologist; Visit; Woman; alternative treatment; anticancer research; breast lumpectomy; cancer care; cancer chemoprevention; cancer therapy; design; experience; improved; malignant breast neoplasm; man; men; novel; preference; prevent; psychological outcomes; randomized trial; research study; satisfaction; shared decision making; standard care; therapy design; trial comparing; willingness

Research on tailoring for health-related behaviors and decision-making has increased dramatically since the early 1990's. Results from numerous randomized trials suggest that tailored communications for cancer prevention and control have a greater influence on behavioral and decision making outcomes than one-size-fits-all approaches. Until recently, however, we had little understanding of why tailored communications influenced behavior, or which components of these communications were effective. CECCR1 funding helped us to organize a concerted interdisciplinary effort to open the "black box" of health communications interventions, which led to identifying a broad array of psychosocial and communications components relevant to health behavior change and decision making. We also identified important individual characteristics that moderate the impact of health communications messages. Results from several of these studies have already been published, and are leading to significant new research funding and a new generation of health communications investigators. Moreover, CECCR1 results are also being adopted i health care, employer, pharmaceutical, and government settings of the U.S. and other parts of the world The overarching aims of CECCR2 are to: (1) Extend our tailoring research beyond the prevention area to the broader cancer care continuum, including early detection, treatment, and long-term survival; (2) Extend our tailoring research to new clinical and post-treatment settings; (3) Deepen our understanding of the key psychosocial and communications components identified in CECCR1, including motivation, ethnic identity, risk perception, and cognitive processing; (4) Explore methods of tailoring to patient preferences for shared decision making; (5) Develop new social and cognitive neuroscience strategies for identifying immediat impact and mechanisms of health communications messages; (6) Develop new interdisciplinary collaborations with scientists and research institutions; (7) Train a new generation of health communications scientists and practitioners; and (8) Disseminate both the scientific and practical results of our research efforts. Woven through CECCR2 research are crosscutting interests related to: tailoring and relevant communications channels; reaching underserved populations through more relevant and easier-to-proces content; physiological mechanisms of communication effect; and methodological issues of design, data collection, and measurement CECCR2 involves four primary research sites and networks, and collaborations with 34 research investigators from 13 institutions. Because of the ambitious scope of our proposed studies, we have obtained over $10 million in matched funding from other sources to help us carry out the proposed research.

自20世纪90年代初以来，针对健康相关行为和决策的研究急剧增加。大量随机试验的结果表明，针对癌症预防和控制的定制通信对行为和决策结果的影响比一刀切的方法更大。然而，直到最近，我们还不太了解为什么定制的沟通会影响行为，或者这些沟通的哪些组成部分是有效的。CECCR 1的资助帮助我们组织了一个协调一致的跨学科努力，以打开健康传播干预的“黑匣子”，这导致确定了广泛的心理和通信组件相关的健康行为改变和决策。我们还确定了重要的个人特征，适度的健康传播信息的影响。其中几项研究的结果已经发表，并导致了新的重大研究资金和新一代的健康传播调查人员。此外，CECCR 1的结果也被美国和世界其他地区的医疗保健、雇主、制药和政府机构采用。CECCR 2的总体目标是：（1）将我们的定制研究从预防领域扩展到更广泛的癌症护理连续体，包括早期发现、治疗和长期生存;（2）将我们的定制研究扩展到新的临床和治疗后环境;（3）加深我们对CECCR 1中确定的关键心理和沟通组成部分的理解，包括动机，种族认同，风险感知和认知处理;（4）探索适合患者偏好的共同决策方法;（5）制定新的社会和认知神经科学战略，以确定健康传播信息的即时影响和机制;（6）与科学家和研究机构开展新的跨学科合作;（7）培训新一代的卫生传播科学家和从业人员;（8）传播我们研究工作的科学和实际成果。通过CECCR 2研究编织的是与以下方面相关的跨领域兴趣：定制和相关的通信渠道;通过更相关和更容易处理的内容接触到服务不足的人群;通信效果的生理机制;以及设计，数据收集和测量的方法问题CECCR 2涉及四个主要研究站点和网络，并与来自13个机构的34名研究人员合作。由于我们拟议的研究范围雄心勃勃，我们已经从其他来源获得了超过1000万美元的配套资金，以帮助我们开展拟议的研究。