Evaluating and controlling airborne emissions from desktop 3D printers

评估和控制桌面 3D 打印机的空气排放

• 批准号: 8772472
• 负责人: Brent stephens
• 金额: $ 7.04万
• 依托单位: ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8772472
• 关键词: Evaluating; controlling; airborne; emissions; desktop

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Desktop 3D printers are rapidly growing in popularity and use in homes, offices, classrooms, and laboratories, but they have recently been shown in one pilot study to emit large amounts of very small particles into indoor environments. Exposure to these small particles may be of concern for human health, as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and may lead to respiratory irritation, exacerbation of asthma symptoms, or cardiovascular problems. There may be emissions of gas-phase compounds of concern as well. Therefore, this project will use a combination of laboratory chamber testing, modeling, and field measurements in occupational settings to characterize emissions of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) resulting from the operation of five commercially available desktop 3D printers. This project will also measure the effectiveness of a custom-built filtration attachment for reducing emissions. Once emissions are evaluated in the laboratory, we will perform indoor air quality modeling to simulate the impacts of desktop 3D printers on particle and VOC concentrations in a number of workplace settings. Finally, the models will be validated with a small number of field studies. We aim to better characterize emissions of a number of pollutants from these devices and test a prototype filtration device that 3D printer users can rely on to significantly reduce emissions and hopefully avoid any potential negative health effects associated with exposure to these pollutants. We will also make our filter designs available for free online so other users can experiment with their own filtration systems to fit their own make and model of 3D printer. This research will specifically address worker exposures to pollutants in a variety of industry sectors that utilize 3D printers, including those covered by NIOSH sector programs in Manufacturing and Services. This research will also address a number of cross-sector programs: 1. By characterizing emissions of gases and particles from 3D printers and resulting concentrations in workplaces, this research will address the Exposure Assessment and Nanotechnology cross-sector programs. 2. By evaluating an emission control technology for 3D printers, this research will address both Prevention through Design and Engineering Controls cross-sector programs. 3. If the prototype filtration system is shown to reduce emissions and can be used to effectively reduce concentrations of pollutants inside workplaces, this research may also address Cancer, Reproductive and Cardiovascular Diseases and Respiratory Diseases cross-sector programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：桌面3D打印机在家庭、办公室、教室和实验室中的普及和使用正在迅速增长，但最近在一项试点研究中显示，它们会向室内环境中排放大量非常小的颗粒。接触这些小颗粒可能会对人类健康造成影响，因为它们可以深入肺部，并可能导致呼吸道刺激、哮喘症状加剧或心血管问题。也可能有令人担忧的气相化合物的排放。因此，该项目将结合实验室室内测试、建模和职业环境中的现场测量来表征五台商用台式3D打印机运行产生的颗粒物和挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的排放。该项目还将测量定制过滤附件减少排放的有效性。一旦在实验室评估了排放，我们将进行室内空气质量建模，以模拟桌面3D打印机对许多工作场所环境中颗粒和VOC浓度的影响。最后，这些模型将通过少量的实地研究进行验证。我们的目标是更好地表征这些设备排放的许多污染物，并测试3D打印机用户可以依赖的原型过滤设备