Evaluating and controlling airborne emissions from desktop 3D printers

评估和控制桌面 3D 打印机的空气排放

• 批准号: 8935644
• 负责人: Brent stephens
• 金额: $ 7.01万
• 依托单位: ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8935644
• 关键词: Evaluating; controlling; airborne; emissions; desktop

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Desktop 3D printers are rapidly growing in popularity and use in homes, offices, classrooms, and laboratories, but they have recently been shown in one pilot study to emit large amounts of very small particles into indoor environments. Exposure to these small particles may be of concern for human health, as they can penetrate deep into the lungs and may lead to respiratory irritation, exacerbation of asthma symptoms, or cardiovascular problems. There may be emissions of gas-phase compounds of concern as well. Therefore, this project will use a combination of laboratory chamber testing, modeling, and field measurements in occupational settings to characterize emissions of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) resulting from the operation of five commercially available desktop 3D printers. This project will also measure the effectiveness of a custom-built filtration attachment for reducing emissions. Once emissions are evaluated in the laboratory, we will perform indoor air quality modeling to simulate the impacts of desktop 3D printers on particle and VOC concentrations in a number of workplace settings. Finally, the models will be validated with a small number of field studies. We aim to better characterize emissions of a number of pollutants from these devices and test a prototype filtration device that 3D printer users can rely on to significantly reduce emissions and hopefully avoid any potential negative health effects associated with exposure to these pollutants. We will also make our filter designs available for free online so other users can experiment with their own filtration systems to fit their own make and model of 3D printer. This research will specifically address worker exposures to pollutants in a variety of industry sectors that utilize 3D printers, including those covered by NIOSH sector programs in Manufacturing and Services. This research will also address a number of cross-sector programs: 1. By characterizing emissions of gases and particles from 3D printers and resulting concentrations in workplaces, this research will address the Exposure Assessment and Nanotechnology cross-sector programs. 2. By evaluating an emission control technology for 3D printers, this research will address both Prevention through Design and Engineering Controls cross-sector programs. 3. If the prototype filtration system is shown to reduce emissions and can be used to effectively reduce concentrations of pollutants inside workplaces, this research may also address Cancer, Reproductive and Cardiovascular Diseases and Respiratory Diseases cross-sector programs.

桌面3D打印机在家庭、办公室、教室和实验室中的普及和使用正在迅速增长，但最近在一项试点研究中显示，它们会向室内环境中排放大量非常小的颗粒。暴露于这些小颗粒可能会对人类健康产生影响，因为它们可以深入肺部，并可能导致呼吸道刺激，哮喘症状加重或心血管问题。也可能有令人关注的气相化合物的排放。因此，该项目将在职业环境中使用实验室测试，建模和现场测量的组合，以表征五台商用桌面3D打印机操作产生的颗粒物和挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的排放。该项目还将测量定制的过滤附件在减少排放方面的有效性。一旦在实验室中对排放进行评估，我们将进行室内空气质量建模，以模拟桌面3D打印机对许多工作场所环境中颗粒物和VOC浓度的影响。最后，将通过少量的实地研究对模型进行验证。我们的目标是更好地表征这些设备的一些污染物的排放，并测试3D打印机用户可以依赖的原型过滤设备。 我们将致力于大幅减少排放，并希望避免与接触这些污染物相关的任何潜在的负面健康影响。我们还将在网上免费提供我们的过滤器设计，以便其他用户可以试验他们自己的过滤系统，以适应他们自己的3D打印机。这项研究将专门针对使用3D打印机的各种行业中的工人暴露于污染物的情况，包括NIOSH制造业和服务业部门计划所涵盖的行业。这项研究还将涉及一些跨部门的方案：1。通过表征3D打印机的气体和颗粒排放以及工作场所的浓度，这项研究将解决暴露评估和纳米技术跨部门计划。 2.通过评估3D打印机的排放控制技术，这项研究将解决设计预防和工程控制跨部门计划。 3.如果原型过滤系统被证明可以减少排放，并可用于有效降低工作场所内的污染物浓度，则该研究还可以解决癌症，生殖和心血管疾病以及呼吸系统疾病的跨部门计划。