Cancer and tobacco control training and research across the lifespan in Kenya

描述(申请人提供)：癌症和烟草消费的负担是肯尼亚发病率和死亡率的主要原因，肯尼亚的研究基础设施有限，解决这些日益严重的慢性非传染性疾病(NCD)对公共卫生的威胁的能力严重不足。在内罗毕长达近15年的研究合作的基础上；在Eldoret建立了长达20年的学术伙伴关系学术模式；利用目前NCI D43致力于艾滋病恶性肿瘤的培训赠款，该培训赠款正在建设关键的病理学、肿瘤病毒学和临床试验能力；其他由NCI和CDC资助的研究项目；由西弗吉尼亚大学(WVU)的Scot Remick博士及其肯尼亚大学(UON)的资深肯尼亚合作者Walter Mwanda领导的高度互动和经验丰富的研究人员国际团队；肯尼亚医学研究所(KEMRI)的Geoffrey Mutuma博士；内罗毕临终关怀中心的Brigid Sirengo博士；印第安纳大学(IU)的Patrick Loehrer博士和他的肯尼亚资深合作者Moi大学(MU)的Naftali Busakhala博士正在合作，在肯尼亚的整个生命周期内发展可持续的癌症和烟草控制研究能力。我们的培训计划将首次将肯尼亚的5个基本学术医疗和研究中心联系起来：内罗毕的UON健康科学学院和附属肯雅塔国立医院(KNH)；KEMRI；以及埃尔多雷特的MU健康科学学院和附属MOI教学和转诊医院(MTRH)。我们D43培训计划的总体目标是连接肯尼亚现有的研究能力，建立战略性和包容性的多学科团队，为制定和实施与癌症和烟草控制相关的循证干预措施奠定坚实的基础，这些干预措施将转化为肯尼亚的公共卫生政策。主要目标是加强肯尼亚癌症和烟草控制的基础设施，以便在为期5年的Fogarty奖结束时，由调查人员和研究人员组成的高度互动的团队将：(1)在基于人口的登记中登记癌症和其他非传染性疾病实体(例如脑血管疾病)，以告知国家卫生官员和研究计划；(2)为社区干预(S)制定有效的烟草戒烟和控制战略，并进一步制定烟草政策框架；(3)支持病理学研究项目，以成功完成MMED(病理学)学位计划，以培养下一代训练有素的癌症诊断病理学家并领导多学科肿瘤委员会；以及(4)建立临终癌症护理的研究能力，并产生有效的循证干预措施，特别是针对癌症儿童。共同的培训主题包括：(1)大部分培训将在肯尼亚进行，这使我们能够为更多的卫生团队成员提供直接培训；(2)培养智力--“人”和技术--“实验室”能力；(3)利用牛津大学病理系新装修的电子会议室，提供各种短期、中期和长期、“南向南”和电子/网络培训课程；以及(4)为负责任的研究行为提供培训，保护人类受试者，以及为试点研究奖励机制提供科学/拨款撰写方面的培训。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The burden of cancer and tobacco consumption are major causes of morbidity and mortality in Kenya, a country with limited research infrastructure and significant scarcity to address these ever increasing chronic, non- communicable disease (NCD) threats to public health. Building on a near 15-year long research collaboration in Nairobi; a 20-year long academic partnership Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare in Eldoret; capitalizing on a current NCI D43 training grant devoted to AIDS malignancy that is building critical pathology, tumor virology and clinical trials capacity; other NCI and CDC-funded research projects; an international team of highly interactive and experienced investigators led by Drs. Scot Remick, West Virginia University (WVU) and his senior Kenyan collaborator Walter Mwanda, University of Nairobi (UoN); Dr. Geoffrey Mutuma at Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI); Dr. Brigid Sirengo at Nairobi Hospice; Dr. Patrick Loehrer at Indiana University (IU) and his senior Kenyan collaborator Dr. Naftali Busakhala, Moi University (MU) are partnering to develop sustainable research capacity for cancer and tobacco control in Kenya across the lifespan. Our training program will link for the first time the 5 essential academic medical and research centers in Kenya: UoN College of Health Sciences and affiliated Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) in Nairobi; KEMRI; and the MU College of Health Sciences and affiliated Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) in Eldoret. The overall goal of our D43 training program is to bridge existing research capacity in Kenya, enabling strategic and inclusive multidisciplinary teams that will provide a solid foundation for development and implementation of evidence-based interventions relevant to cancer and tobacco control that will translate into Kenyan public health policy. The essential objectives are to strengthen the infrastructure for cancer and tobacco control in Kenya such that by the end of the 5-year Fogarty award highly interactive teams of investigators and research personnel will: (1) register cancer and other NCD entities (e.g., cerebrovascular disease) in population-based registries to inform national health officials and research programs; (2) develop effective tobacco cessation and control strategies for community intervention(s) and further frame tobacco policy; (3) support pathology research projects for successful completion of the MMed(Pathology) degree program to develop the next generation of trained pathologists for cancer diagnosis and lead multidisciplinary tumor boards; and (4) build research capacity for end-of-life cancer care and generate effective evidence-based interventions especially for children with cancer. Common training themes include: (1) the bulk of the training will be on-site in Kenya, which allows us to provide direct training for more members of our health teams; (2) address both intellectual - "people" and technical - "laboratory" capacities; (3) provide a variety of short, medium and long-term, "south-to-south", and electronic/web-based training coursework taking advantage of a newly fit-up electronic conference room in the Department of Pathology at UoN; and (4) provide training for the responsible conduct of research, protections of human subjects, and scientific/grants writing that feeds into a pilot research awards mechanism.