Efficacy and neurobiological mechanisms of mobile-delivered cognitive retraining

项目摘要 本指导研究科学家开发应用程序（K 01）将为Matthew博士提供受保护的时间 皮尔逊发展实验精神病理学研究的重点项目及其在 成瘾行为改变机制的研究。5年职业发展计划的目标是紧密结合 综合，并将增加知识和经验的领域1）认知模型的成瘾和 他们在认知再训练方法中的应用，2）成瘾神经科学和神经成像技术 (i.e.,功能性磁共振成像，fMRI），3）行为改变的机制（即，情感， 认知和神经生物学），4）分析纵向数据的先进定量方法（例如，增长 混合建模），和5）授予写作。职业发展计划包括与以下人员的结构化会议： 导师;神经科学，认知心理学和统计学的七门研究生课程;并参加 相关会议和研讨会，以发展实质性专业知识和高级培训 定量/研究方法和统计软件的使用。支持职业目标，研究计划 包括一项荟萃分析（第1年）、一项系统性综述（第2年）和一项主要实证研究， 自我报告，行为和神经影像学测量（1-5年）。荟萃分析将检查 认知再训练对酒精使用的有效性，系统综述将整合以前的研究结果， 总结认知再训练后行为改变的神经生物学机制。这些 研究综合将有助于巩固知识成果，并将拟议研究的成果嵌套在一起 研究更广泛的文学。研究计划的时间安排和顺序安排旨在巩固和 扩大与计划的职业发展活动有关的知识增益。拟议的研究将使用 纵向实验设计（N~95），以检查认知和神经生物学之间的联系 注意偏差修正（vs.注意偏差控制）或工作后的行为变化机制 开发为经由移动的电子设备（例如， 智能手机）在重度饮酒的成年人中。生态瞬时评价方法将用于检查 在4周时间内行为改变的心理机制（例如，注意力偏差）和功能磁共振成像 将用于检查行为改变的神经机制（例如，线索诱发神经元的前后变化 腹侧纹状体中的激活）。二级数据分析还将支持这些人的职业发展。 候选人在整个颁奖过程中。Katie Witkiewitz博士将担任主要导师， 在许多领域的专业知识，具体到本申请的目的。斯科特·托尼根博士和埃里克·克劳斯博士将担任 作为二级导师，在选定的领域支持候选人，包括赠款写作，荟萃分析， fMRI技术。玛莎·贝茨博士和雷努特·威尔斯博士将担任顾问，协助皮尔逊博士 巩固行为改变和认知再训练方法的神经机制方面的知识。

Project Summary This Mentored Research Scientist Development application (K01) will provide protected time for Dr. Matthew Pearson to develop a focused program of research in experimental psychopathology and its' application to the study of mechanisms of addictive behavior change. The aims of the 5-year career development plan are tightly integrated and will increase knowledge and experience in the areas of 1) cognitive models of addiction and their applications for cognitive retraining approaches, 2) addiction neuroscience and neuroimaging techniques (i.e., functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI), 3) mechanisms of behavior change (i.e., affective, cognitive, and neurobiological),4) advanced quantitative methods of analyzing longitudinal data (e.g., growth mixture modeling), and 5) grant writing. The career development plan includes structured meetings with mentors; seven graduate level courses in neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and statistics; and attending relevant conferences and workshops to develop substantive expertise and advanced training in quantitative/research methods and statistical software use. Supporting the career aims, the research plan includes a meta-analysis (year 1), a systematic review (year 2), and one primary empirical study that includes self-report, behavioral, and neuroimaging measures (years 1-5). The meta-analysis will examine moderators of the efficacy of cognitive retraining on alcohol use, and the systematic review will integrate previous findings to summarize putative neurobiological mechanisms of behavior change following cognitive retraining. These research syntheses will serve to consolidate knowledge gains and to nest the results of the proposed research study into the broader literature. Timing and sequencing of the research plan is intended to consolidate and extend knowledge gains associated with planned career development activities. The proposed study will use a longitudinal experimental design (N~95) to examine the linkages between cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of behavior change following attentional bias modification (vs. attentional bias control) or working memory training (vs. working memory control) developed to be delivered via a mobile electronic device (e.g., smart phone) in heavy drinking adults. Ecological momentary assessment methods will be used to examine psychological mechanisms of behavior change over a 4-week period of time (e.g., attentional bias) and fMRI will be used to examine neural mechanisms of behavior change (e.g., pre-post changes in cue-elicited neural activation in the ventral striatum). Secondary data analyses will also support the career development of the candidate over the entire course of the award. Dr. Katie Witkiewitz will be primary mentor and has recognized expertise in many areas specific to the aims of this application. Drs. J. Scott Tonigan and Eric Claus will serve as secondary mentors supporting the candidate in selected areas including grant writing, meta-analysis, and fMRI techniques. Drs. Marsha Bates and Reinout Wiers will serve as consultants and will assist Dr. Pearson to consolidate knowledge gains in neural mechanisms of behavior change and cognitive retraining methods.