Efficacy and neurobiological mechanisms of mobile-delivered cognitive retraining

项目摘要 此指导研究科学家开发应用程序(K01)将为Matthew博士提供保护时间 皮尔逊将开发一个实验精神病理学的重点研究项目，并将其应用于 成瘾行为改变机制的研究。五年职业发展计划的目标是严格的 整合并将在1)成瘾的认知模型和 它们在认知再训练方法中的应用，2)成瘾神经科学和神经成像技术 (即，功能磁共振成像，fMRI)，3)行为改变的机制(即，情感， 认知和神经生物学)，4)分析纵向数据的高级量化方法(例如，生长 混合建模)，以及5)赠款写入。职业发展计划包括与 导师；神经科学、认知心理学和统计学的七门研究生课程；以及参加 相关会议和讲习班，以发展实质性专门知识和高级培训 定量/研究方法和统计软件的使用。支持职业目标、研究计划 包括一项荟萃分析(第一年)、一项系统回顾(第二年)和一项主要的实证研究，包括 自我报告、行为和神经成像测量(1-5岁)。元分析将考察 认知再培训对酒精使用的有效性，系统审查将结合先前的研究结果 总结认知再培训后行为改变的可能神经生物学机制。这些 研究综述将有助于巩固知识成果，并巩固拟议研究的结果。 研究更广泛的文献。研究计划的时间安排和排序旨在巩固和 扩展与规划的职业发展活动相关的知识收获。拟议的研究将使用 纵向实验设计(N~95)，检查认知和神经生物学之间的联系 注意偏向调整(与注意偏向控制相比)或工作后的行为改变机制 记忆训练(与工作记忆控制相比)被开发为通过移动电子设备(例如， 智能手机)在酗酒的成年人中使用。将使用生态瞬时评估方法来检查 4周内行为变化的心理机制(例如，注意偏差)和功能磁共振成像 将被用来检查行为变化的神经机制(例如，线索诱发的神经在事后的变化 腹侧纹状体的激活)。二次数据分析也将支持职业发展。 候选人在整个颁奖过程中。Katie Witkiewitz博士将担任主要导师，并已表彰 针对本应用程序目标的多个领域的专业知识。斯科特·托尼根博士和埃里克·克劳斯将担任 作为辅助导师，在选定的领域支持候选人，包括拨款撰写、荟萃分析和 功能磁共振成像技术。玛莎·贝茨博士和莱诺特·威尔斯博士将担任顾问，并将协助皮尔逊博士 巩固在行为改变的神经机制和认知再培训方法方面的知识。

Project Summary This Mentored Research Scientist Development application (K01) will provide protected time for Dr. Matthew Pearson to develop a focused program of research in experimental psychopathology and its' application to the study of mechanisms of addictive behavior change. The aims of the 5-year career development plan are tightly integrated and will increase knowledge and experience in the areas of 1) cognitive models of addiction and their applications for cognitive retraining approaches, 2) addiction neuroscience and neuroimaging techniques (i.e., functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI), 3) mechanisms of behavior change (i.e., affective, cognitive, and neurobiological),4) advanced quantitative methods of analyzing longitudinal data (e.g., growth mixture modeling), and 5) grant writing. The career development plan includes structured meetings with mentors; seven graduate level courses in neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and statistics; and attending relevant conferences and workshops to develop substantive expertise and advanced training in quantitative/research methods and statistical software use. Supporting the career aims, the research plan includes a meta-analysis (year 1), a systematic review (year 2), and one primary empirical study that includes self-report, behavioral, and neuroimaging measures (years 1-5). The meta-analysis will examine moderators of the efficacy of cognitive retraining on alcohol use, and the systematic review will integrate previous findings to summarize putative neurobiological mechanisms of behavior change following cognitive retraining. These research syntheses will serve to consolidate knowledge gains and to nest the results of the proposed research study into the broader literature. Timing and sequencing of the research plan is intended to consolidate and extend knowledge gains associated with planned career development activities. The proposed study will use a longitudinal experimental design (N~95) to examine the linkages between cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of behavior change following attentional bias modification (vs. attentional bias control) or working memory training (vs. working memory control) developed to be delivered via a mobile electronic device (e.g., smart phone) in heavy drinking adults. Ecological momentary assessment methods will be used to examine psychological mechanisms of behavior change over a 4-week period of time (e.g., attentional bias) and fMRI will be used to examine neural mechanisms of behavior change (e.g., pre-post changes in cue-elicited neural activation in the ventral striatum). Secondary data analyses will also support the career development of the candidate over the entire course of the award. Dr. Katie Witkiewitz will be primary mentor and has recognized expertise in many areas specific to the aims of this application. Drs. J. Scott Tonigan and Eric Claus will serve as secondary mentors supporting the candidate in selected areas including grant writing, meta-analysis, and fMRI techniques. Drs. Marsha Bates and Reinout Wiers will serve as consultants and will assist Dr. Pearson to consolidate knowledge gains in neural mechanisms of behavior change and cognitive retraining methods.