Central and Peripheral Dynamics of Speech Production in Children Who Stutter

口吃儿童言语产生的中枢和外周动态

• 批准号: 8690439
• 负责人: BRIDGET M WALSH
• 金额: $ 15.4万
• 依托单位: PURDUE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8690439
• 关键词: Achievement; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Bilateral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Child; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical assessments; Development; Developmental Stuttering; Diagnosis; Disease; Emotional; Employment; Ensure; Financial compensation; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Handedness; Interruption; Joints; Language; Left; Life; Linguistics; Measures; Mental Health; Methods; Mission; Morphology; Motor; Movement; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Neurologic; Pattern; Peripheral; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Production; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reliance; Reporting; Research; Risk; Severities; Speech; Speed; Structure; Stuttering; Symptoms; System; Technology; Therapeutic; Time; Work; auditory feedback; behavior measurement; design; gray matter; hemodynamics; indexing; insight; kinematics; language processing; neural patterning; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; oral motor; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; speech processing; tool; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this project is to better understand the fundamental physiological and neural mechanisms that contribute to disfluencies in children who stutter (CWS). Our research strategy combines both ground-breaking and established experimental approaches including functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS - an emerging neuroimaging technology), kinematic measures of articulation, and clinical assessments of stuttering severity. An overall goal of this project is to examine activation of specific neural regions involved in speech production during a range of speaking conditions, including natural speech, using fNIRS. Findings from nearly 20 years of functional neuroimaging research in adults who stutter have provided greater insight into the neurological underpinnings of developmental stuttering. Because there have been few studies in CWS, however, it is unclear whether differences detected in adults who stutter are present at onset or emerge later, a consequence of a lifetime of compensation and/or therapeutic strategies. An additional limitation of earlier neuroimaging studies is the use of brief, unnatural speaking tasks due to methodological constraints inherent in fMRI and PET technologies. Stuttering occurs during natural, extemporaneous, connected speech. Therefore, it is critical to assess neural activation during more ecologically valid speaking conditions that place the greatest demands on the speech motor system of the CWS. Functional NIRS can be used to achieve this aim, because it is uniquely suited to record brain hemodynamics during natural speaking conditions. Another aim of this research is to examine relationships among central correlates of speech production, peripheral motor speech dynamics, and behavioral indices of stuttering. We will address this aim with parallel kinematic and neuroimaging experiments for a range of speaking conditions in which linguistic complexity and auditory feedback are manipulated. A relatively large group of CWS will be recruited to ensure that a range of clinical severity is represented. By incorporating a theoretically-grounded hierarchy of experiments designed to elicit a continuum of fluency, we will determine if potential changes in stuttering behavior are associated with differences in neural activation and speech motor coordination in CWS. Findings from this project will provide a critical step for future work using these noninvasive methods to identify neural characteristics of young children at risk for persistence in stuttering.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的总体目标是更好地了解导致口吃儿童（CWS）的基本生理和神经机制。我们的研究策略结合了开创性和已建立的实验方法，包括功能性近红外光谱（FNIRS-新兴神经影像学技术），关节运动的运动测量以及结结巴巴严重程度的临床评估。该项目的总体目标是检查使用FNIRS在内的一系列语音条件（包括自然语音）中涉及语音生产的特定神经区域的激活。口吃的成年人的近20年功能神经成像研究的结果为发育口吃的神经系统基础提供了更多的了解。但是，由于CW的研究很少，因此目前尚不清楚在开始或稍后出现的成年人中发现的差异是否是薪酬和/或治疗策略的结果。早期神经影像学研究的另一个局限性是由于fMRI和PET技术固有的方法学限制，使用了简短的，不自然的说话任务。口吃发生在自然，即时连接的语音期间。因此，在更生态有效的口语条件下评估神经激活至关重要，这对CWS的语音运动系统提出了最大的要求。功能性NIR可用于实现这一目标，因为它在自然语言条件下非常适合记录大脑血流动力学。 这项研究的另一个目的是检查语音生产，外围运动语音动态和口吃的行为指标之间的中心关系之间的关系。我们将通过平行的运动学和神经影像实验来解决这一目标，以操纵语言复杂性和听觉反馈。将招募一组相对较大的CWS，以确保代表一系列临床严重性。通过融合旨在引起流利性连续性的实验的理论层次结构，我们将确定口吃行为的潜在变化是否与CWS中神经激活和语音运动协调的差异有关。该项目的发现将为未来的工作提供关键的步骤，使用这些非侵入性方法来识别口吃持续存在风险的幼儿的神经特征。