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Cesium 137 Irradiator

铯137辐照器

基本信息

批准号：
8558303
负责人：
Thomas James Lynch
金额：
$ 6.63万
依托单位：
YALE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1997-07-01 至 2018-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8558303
关键词：
3-Dimensional Air Animals Bacteria Biomedical Research Blood Bone Marrow Cancer Center Cancer Center Support Grant Cancer Research Project Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cesium Collimator Comprehensive Cancer Center Controlled Environment Core Facility Custom DNA Development Dose Dose-Rate Drug Compounding Emulsions Equipment Funding Gamma Rays Gases Gel Gene Targeting Grant Hamsters Hematology Human Immune response Induction of Apoptosis Insecta Investigation Ionizing radiation Laboratories Lesion Malignant Neoplasms Medical Methods Modeling Molecular Mus Organ Pathway interactions Peer Review Pharmacologic Substance Polymers Prevention Principal Investigator Radiation Radiation Physics Radioactive Radiochemistry Radiology Specialty Radiometry Rattus Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resource Sharing Resources Sampling Scientist Secure Services Source Spleen Sterilization Targeted Research Temperature Therapeutic Radiology specialty Transfusion Transgenic Organisms United States National Institutes of Health Vaccines anticancer research base cancer cell design flasks flexibility graft vs host disease instrument instrumentation irradiation medical schools member neoplastic cell planetary Atmosphere repaired research study response tool tumor

项目摘要

This Shared Resource began in 1991, with funding provided by the Department of Therapeutic Radiology. Its major equipment is a Cesium-137 laboratory irradiator (Mark I, Model 68A) manufactured by J.L. Shepherd and Associates, Inc. It contains two cesium-137 sources with activities of 6,000 and 100 curies each. This instrument has been purchased by the Yale School of Medicine (YSM) with funds provided by a Shared Instrumentation Grant from the National Institutes of Health (grant number 1-S10-RR04813-01; Principal Investigator, Dr. Ravinder Nath). The Cesium-137 Irradiator Shared Resource provides access to irradiations by ionizing radiation, specifically 662 keV gamma rays from the radioactive decay of cesium-137. This facility can operate at dose rates ranging from 0.01 cGy/min to 1500 cGy/min. The purpose of the Cesium-137 Irradiator Shared Resource is to provide an accurate and reliable irradiation resource for molecular compounds, cell culture, animal and human tumor cells, and small animals. Our specific aim is to keep an irradiator available 24 hrs/day, 365 days/year for any cancer researcher that requires gamma irradiation. This cancer-center core facility provides various scientists in the Cancer Center the ability to study the effects of specific radiation-induced lesions in the DNA of cells, as well as what repair pathways are involved after radiation damage, and other radiobiological mechanisms. The radiation delivered can also be used as a tool in cancer research to suppress the immune response in cell cultures or animals, e.g. by generating irradiation-induced bone marrow chimeric mice in transgenic gene targeting research experiments, and the induction of apoptosis in murine spleen cells. The Cesium-137 Irradiator Shared Resource has been instrumental in the development of 3-dimensional polymer based dosimeters for applications in radiology, as well as the investigations ofthe radiation physics and the dosimetric response of superheated emulsion gels. In hematology labs, gamma irradiation of cellular blood components is still the acceptable method for the prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. The Cesium- 137 Irradiator Shared Resource can also be used for the sterilization of various cell, vaccine and drug preparations. Since its inception, the Cesium-137 Irradiator Shared Resource has enabled 161 Principal Investigators (124 YCC Members) from 50 departments/sections at Yale the ability to perform a broad range of cancer research projects involving irradiation over a wide range of dose rates and doses. In the past year, 25 YCC members generated 94% of the total usage ofthe Cesium-137 Irradiator Shared Resource and participated in 6 of 7 of the YCC Research Programs.

该共享资源始于1991年，由治疗放射科提供资金。其主要设备是由J.L.制造的铯-137实验室辐照器（Mark I，Model 68 A）。Shepherd & Associates，Inc.它包含两个铯-137源，每个放射性为6，000和100居里。该仪器已由耶鲁医学院（YSM）购买，资金由美国国立卫生研究院的共享仪器补助金提供（补助金编号1-S10-RR 04813 -01;主要研究者Ravinder Nath博士）。铯-137辐照器共享资源提供电离辐射辐照，特别是铯-137放射性衰变产生的662 keV伽马射线。该设施可以在0.01 cGy/min至1500 cGy/min的剂量率范围内运行。铯-137辐照器共享资源的目的是为分子化合物、细胞培养、动物和人类肿瘤细胞以及小动物提供准确可靠的辐照源。我们的具体目标是为任何需要伽马辐照的癌症研究人员提供24小时/天，365天/年的辐照器。这个癌症中心的核心设施为癌症中心的各种科学家提供了研究细胞DNA中特定辐射诱导损伤的影响的能力，以及辐射损伤后涉及的修复途径和其他放射生物学机制。所递送的辐射也可用作癌症研究中的工具，以抑制细胞培养物或动物中的免疫应答，例如通过在转基因基因靶向研究实验中产生辐射诱导的骨髓嵌合小鼠，以及诱导鼠脾细胞中的细胞凋亡。铯-137辐照器共享资源有助于开发用于放射学的三维聚合物剂量计，以及研究辐射物理学和过热乳胶的剂量响应。在血液学实验室中，细胞血液成分的伽马辐照仍然是预防输血相关移植物抗宿主病的可接受方法。铯-137辐照器共享资源还可用于各种细胞、疫苗和药物制剂的灭菌。自成立以来，铯-137辐照器共享资源已使来自耶鲁大学50个部门/部门的161名主要研究人员（124名YCC成员）能够进行广泛的癌症研究项目，涉及各种剂量率和剂量的辐照。在过去的一年里，25个YCC成员产生了铯-137辐照器共享资源总使用量的94%，并参与了YCC 7个研究计划中的6个。