Neurophysiological Studies of Visual Perception in Schizophrenia

精神分裂症视觉感知的神经生理学研究

• 批准号: 8698347
• 负责人: KEVIN M SPENCER
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VA BOSTON HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8698347
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Animals; Area; Binding; Biological Markers; Brain; Characteristics; Cognitive; Complement; Cues; Decision Making; Detection; Disease; Electroencephalogram; Evolution; Expectancy; Failure; Family; Frequencies; General Population; Goals; Health Care Costs; High Frequency Oscillation; Human; Impairment; Individual; Judgment; Lead; Link; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mentally Ill Persons; Mind; Modeling; Motion; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Phase; Play; Process; Psyche structure; Psychotic Disorders; Reading; Reporting; Response to stimulus physiology; Role; Scalp structure; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Shapes; Societies; Staging; Stimulus; Sum; Symptoms; Thinking; Visual Perception; base; functional group; information processing; neural circuit; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; prevent; psychologic; psychotic symptoms; relating to nervous system; response; therapy development; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to use measures of oscillatory activity in the scalp-recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) to examine the functional integrity of the neural circuitry underlying visual perception in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia has been conceptualized as a failure of the integration of cognitive and neural processes, and abnormalities in neural microcircuitry have been proposed as a basis for this disorder. There is growing evidence that oscillations in the upper frequency bands of the EEG, the beta ( : 13-30 Hz) and gamma ( : 30- 100 Hz) bands, mediate particular functions involved in visual perception. We hypothesize that abnormalities of and oscillations may reflect particular neural microcircuit abnormalities involved in schizophrenia. The proposed studies will build upon the previous project period in which we examined the relationships between response-locked oscillations (RLOs), perceptual feature-binding, and schizophrenia symptomatology. In the next project period we propose to use a unified approach to study oscillation abnormalities in schizophrenia: perceptual decision making. This approach involves tracking the evolution of a simple perceptual decision from stimulus to response stages of processing. Studies in animals and humans support a basic model in which stimulus encoding in sensory areas is read-out by multimodal association areas in which perceptual evidence accumulates and decisions are formed. Decision information is then transmitted to motor cortex and a response is made. Oscillation studies suggest that and oscillations may play distinct roles, with oscillations reflecting local computations of sensory and response processes, and oscillations involved in attentional control and maintaining stimulus-response mappings underlying the perceptual decision. Therefore, the perceptual decision making approach will allow us to identify abnormalities in particular aspects of information processing in SZ and relate these abnormalities to the patients' symptomatology. We hypothesize that: 1) SZ have independent deficits in sensory encoding, evidence accumulation, and response selection processes; 2) psychotic symptoms, such as disorganization and thought disorder, are closely related to dysfunctional evidence accumulation processes; and 3) top-down control deficits contribute to evidence accumulation impairments and psychotic symptom relationships. Our specific aims are to: 1) Dissociate feature binding from perceptual decision processes. Our standard Kanisza shape perception task will be modified to support 2 different judgments: shape presence/absence, and distinguishing between inducer attributes. We predict that perception-independent decisional processes will be abnormal and correlated with positive symptoms in SZ. 2) Examine which phases of perceptual decision making (sensory encoding, evidence accumulation, and response selection) are abnormal in SZ, using a coherent motion detection task. We predict that while all three phases will be impaired in SZ, these impairments will be independent of each other. A measure of evidence accumulation will be positively correlated with psychotic symptoms. 3) Examine the role of top-down processes in SZ abnormalities in perceptual decision making by manipulating subjects' expectancies about the stimuli in the coherent motion detection task using cues. We predict that top-down processes will interact with both sensory and decisional processes, and will influence the relationships between decisional processes and psychotic symptoms in SZ. We hope that the results of these studies will lead to a deeper understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying schizophrenia, enabling the identification of biomarkers for treatment development.

描述（由申请人提供）： 我们建议使用头皮记录的脑电图（EEG）中的振荡活动的措施，以检查精神分裂症视觉感知的神经回路的功能完整性。精神分裂症已被概念化为认知和神经过程整合的失败，并且神经微电路的异常已被提出作为这种障碍的基础。越来越多的证据表明，EEG的较高频带中的振荡，即β（13-30 Hz）和γ（30- 100 Hz）频带，介导涉及视觉感知的特定功能。我们推测，异常的和振荡可能反映了特定的神经微电路异常涉及精神分裂症。 拟议的研究将建立在前一个项目期间，我们研究了反应锁定振荡（RLO），知觉特征结合，精神分裂症的精神病学之间的关系。在下一个项目期间，我们建议使用一个统一的方法来研究精神分裂症的振荡异常：知觉决策。这种方法涉及跟踪一个简单的知觉决定的演变，从刺激到反应阶段的处理。对动物和人类的研究支持一个基本模型，在该模型中，感觉区域中的刺激编码被多模态关联区域读出，在该多模态关联区域中，感知证据积累并形成决策。然后，决策信息被传输到运动皮层，并做出反应。振荡的研究表明，和振荡可能发挥不同的作用，与振荡反映本地计算的感觉和反应过程，和振荡参与注意力控制和维持刺激反应映射的感知决策。因此，知觉决策方法将使我们能够识别SZ中信息处理的特定方面的异常， 这些异常对患者的泌尿系统有影响。我们假设：1）SZ在感觉编码、证据积累和反应选择过程中存在独立缺陷; 2）精神病性症状，如混乱和思维障碍，与功能失调的证据积累过程密切相关; 3）自上而下的控制缺陷有助于证据积累障碍和精神病性症状关系。我们的具体目标是：1）从感知决策过程中分离特征绑定。我们的标准Kanisza形状感知任务将被修改以支持2种不同的判断：形状存在/不存在，以及区分诱导物属性。我们预测，独立于知觉的决策过程将是异常的，并与阳性症状在深圳。 2)检查哪些阶段的知觉决策（感觉编码，证据积累和反应选择）是不正常的SZ，使用连贯的运动检测任务。我们预测，虽然所有三个阶段将在深圳减值，这些减值将是相互独立的。证据积累的衡量标准将与精神病症状呈正相关。 3)通过操纵受试者对连贯运动检测任务中刺激的预期，研究自上而下的过程在感知决策中SZ异常中的作用。 我们预测，自上而下的过程将相互作用的感觉和决策过程，并将影响决策过程和精神病症状之间的关系在SZ。 我们希望这些研究的结果将导致对精神分裂症的认知和神经机制的更深入理解，从而能够识别用于治疗开发的生物标志物。