Reducing the Effect of Tobacco Powerwall Displays at Retail Point-Of-Sale

描述（由申请人提供）：《家庭吸烟预防和烟草控制法》（TCA; 2009）赋予FDA监管烟草产品广告的权力。烟草业持续不断的法律的挑战使得人们很难确切地知道最终将允许哪种烟草广告和营销条例。能否成功克服法律的挑战和执行任何以《反腐败法》为导向的广告条例，部分取决于某种监管办法在多大程度上得到强有力的证据基础的支持。在这方面，最棘手的问题之一是如何最好地监管零售销售点（POS）烟草广告。POS广告包括室内和室外广告牌广告，以及在POS位置处的许多不同类型的烟草产品的突出的、广阔的显示（即，烟草权力墙显示）。TCA为各州和地方社区提供了广泛的指导，以规范POS广告的时间、地点和方式，但关于如何规范POS环境以最有效地减少其对青少年吸烟的影响，几乎没有具体的信息。本研究的总体目的是通过实验评估烟草能量墙显示器的位置（研究1）和POS中包含的反烟草信息（研究2）对初中和高中学生（11-17岁）烟草使用风险的影响程度。作为该项目的一部分，我们将建造一个实验性的POS便利店，除了在此类商店中通常发现的其他产品（例如，苏打水、水、糖果等）。这个实验性的POS零售店，或商店实验室，将使我们能够操纵POS零售环境的关键成分，包括放置烟草粉末墙显示和反烟草海报的存在，在一个高度控制的，但外部和生态有效的方式。在这两项研究中，参与者将进入商店实验室，花4分钟在商店里挑选并“购买”价值5美元的（非烟草）产品。在离开商店后，他们将完成利用其烟草使用风险（吸烟风险和无烟烟草风险）的项目。研究1将通过在受试者间设计中操纵POS环境内的电源墙显示位置来评估烟草电源墙显示位置对烟草使用风险的影响。将比较的位置是：收银员后面（收银员）;侧壁显示器，远离收银员（侧壁）;和显示器隐藏在视图中（隐藏）。研究2将检查在POS环境中包括反烟草使用海报的影响，以检查其对受试者间设计的烟草使用风险的影响。将进行比较的反烟草海报条件是：没有海报（无）;收银台上的小海报（收银台）;烟草权力墙上的大海报（电力墙）;以及收银台和电力墙上的海报（合并）。我们还将研究任何观察到的实验室结构对烟草使用风险的影响的心理社会中介。进一步了解如何最好地减少POS处烟草墙展示的影响，将为旨在减少青少年烟草使用的监管科学提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA; 2009) gave the FDA authority to regulate how tobacco products are advertised. Ongoing legal challenges by the tobacco industry make it difficult to know precisely what kinds of tobacco advertising and marketing regulations will ultimately be permitted. The success of overcoming legal challenges and implementing any TCA-driven advertising regulations is dependent, in part, on the extent to which a given regulatory approach is supported by a strong evidence base. One of the thorniest issues in this regard is how to best regulate retail Point-of-Sale (POS) tobacco advertising. POS advertising includes indoor and outdoor billboard advertising, and prominent, expansive displays of many different types of tobacco products at the POS location (i.e., the tobacco power wall display). The TCA offers broad guidance for states and local communities to regulate the time, place, and manner of advertising at POS, but there is little specific information available as to how to regulate the POS environment to most effectively reduce its effects on adolescent smoking. The overall aim of this research is to experimentally evaluate the extent to which the location of tobacco power wall displays (Study 1) and inclusion of anti-tobacco messages at POS (Study 2) influence tobacco use risk in a middle and high school students (ages 11-17). As part of this project, we will construct an experimental POS convenience store that "sells" tobacco products in addition to other products typically found in such stores (e.g., soda, water, candy, etc.). This experimental POS retail store, or store lab, will allow us to manipulate key ingredients of the POS retail environment, including placement of tobacco power wall displays and presence of anti-tobacco posters, in a highly controlled, but externally and ecologically valid way. In both studies, participants will enter the store lab and spend 4 minutes picking out and "purchasing" $5 worth of (non-tobacco) products in the store. After exiting the store, they will complete items that tap into their tobacco use risk (cigarette smoking risk and smokeless tobacco risk). Study 1 will evaluate the effects of tobacco power wall display location on tobacco use risk by manipulating power wall display location within the POS environment in a between subjects design. The locations that will be compared are: behind the cashier (cashier); side-wall display, away from cashier (side-wall); and display hidden from view (hidden). Study 2 will examine the effects of including anti-tobacco use posters in the POS environment to examine their effects on tobacco use risk in a between subjects design. The anti-tobacco poster conditions that will be compared are: no poster (none); a small poster at the cash register (cash register); a large poster on the tobacco power wall display (power wall); and posters at the cash register and on the power wall (combined). We will also examine psychosocial mediators of any observed experimental effects of store lab structure on tobacco use risk. Advancing an understanding of how to best reduce the effect of tobacco wall displays at POS will inform regulatory science designed to reduce adolescent tobacco use.