Adverse health effects of shift work

轮班工作对健康的不利影响

• 批准号: 8962262
• 负责人: EVA S SCHERNHAMMER
• 金额: $ 70.95万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8962262
• 关键词: Adverse; health; effects; shift; work

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Considerable uncertainty exists about the potential harm that shift work during pregnancy may impose on a mom's child, yet working night shifts during pregnancy is currently an established reality in the US. We have previously linked work schedules, particularly those involving night shifts, with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion and delivering pre-tem in the Nurses' Health Study 2 (NHS2). Now, we propose to continue our work by examining how exposure of the embryo and fetus to shift work may affect their health and chronic disease risk later in life. We will make use of a worldwide unique resource, which provides critical information on both moms and their offspring, including occupational shift work exposure during pregnancy: using existing data from the ongoing NHS2 cohort and Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), i.e. children of the nurses participating in NHS2, we will investigate the following 3 major hypotheses: (1) can shift work (prior to conception as well as during pregnancy) induce growth perturbations and altered mental health in the offspring, and how may this influence disease risk across the lifespan? (2) are worsened sleep parameters including lower overnight production of melatonin and higher awakening cortisol in young adulthood associated with such early life exposures? and (3) can we define critical developmental windows (e.g., preconception, embryonic, and fetal periods) during which shift work may influence chronic disease etiology. We have complete lifetime shift work history of the NHS2 moms of all 27,795 children in GUTS, 3,740 children whose moms additionally provided shift work history during pregnancy. In alignment with Healthy People 2020, this proposal addresses all NORA Sector Programs as well as the cross- sector programs "Work Organization and Stress Related Disorders", and "Cancer, Reproductive and Cardiovascular Diseases". Specifically, our proposal strives to explore whether night shifts may expose offspring of workers to heightened risk for disorders. Expected immediate outputs of our proposed research are publications, presentations/posters. Intermediate outcomes will be tracked by showing new policies that cite our work. We will disseminate our findings to other scientists through the peer-reviewed literature and scientific conferences. However, our primary target audience is workers - hence, we will communicate to nurses by our Nurses' Health Study 2 staff, as well as to other workers through the staff at NIOSH, using websites, newsletters, and social media presence. Our proposed research exemplifies the translation of research into practice (r2P) in that it may lead to actual changes in work practice for pregnant women. Ultimately, this is a potentially highly effective prevention practice, which can readily be adopte by any other workplace.

 描述（由申请人提供）：关于怀孕期间轮班工作可能对母亲的孩子造成的潜在危害存在相当大的不确定性，但怀孕期间夜班工作目前在美国已是既定的现实。我们之前在护士健康研究 2 (NHS2) 中已将工作安排（尤其是涉及夜班的工作安排）与自然流产和早产的风险增加联系起来。现在，我们建议继续我们的工作，研究胚胎和胎儿轮班工作如何影响他们以后的健康和慢性病风险。我们将利用全球独特的资源，该资源提供有关母亲及其后代的关键信息，包括怀孕期间的职业轮班工作暴露：利用正在进行的 NHS2 队列和今日成长研究 (GUTS) 的现有数据，即参与 NHS2 的护士的孩子，我们将研究以下 3 个主要假设：(1) 轮班工作（受孕前以及怀孕期间）会导致生长扰动和 后代心理健康的改变，以及这如何影响整个生命周期的疾病风险？ (2) 恶化的睡眠参数（包括夜间褪黑激素生成量较低和成年早期觉醒皮质醇较高）是否与此类早期接触有关？ (3)我们能否定义关键的发育窗口（例如，孕前期、胚胎期和胎儿期），在此期间轮班工作可能会影响慢性病的病因。我们拥有 GUTS 中所有 27,795 名儿童的 NHS2 母亲的完整终生轮班工作历史，其中 3,740 名儿童的母亲在怀孕期间还提供了轮班工作历史。与“健康人民 2020”保持一致，该提案涉及所有 NORA 部门计划以及跨部门计划“工作组织和压力相关疾病”以及“癌症、生殖和心血管疾病”。具体来说，我们的提案致力于探讨夜班是否可能使工人的后代面临更高的疾病风险。我们拟议研究的预期直接成果是出版物、演示文稿/海报。将通过展示引用我们工作的新政策来跟踪中期成果。我们将通过同行评审的文献和科学会议向其他科学家传播我们的发现。然而，我们的主要目标受众是工人 - 因此，我们将通过护士健康研究 2 工作人员与护士进行沟通，并通过 NIOSH 的工作人员利用网站、新闻通讯和社交媒体与其他工人进行沟通。我们提出的研究例证了研究转化为实践（r2P），因为它可能会导致孕妇工作实践的实际变化。最终，这是一种潜在的高效预防实践，任何其他工作场所都可以轻松采用。