Instrument and Method for Forming Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Images of the Brea

用于乳腺摄影的高清晰度超声 摘要 我们建议发展基于半球合成孔径的高清晰度超声(HD-US) 和反向散射声波。此配置将生成直接的三维地图 乳腺组织的超声反射率，并将显示更高的信噪比，减少斑点和 与基于线性或曲面采样的超声阵列相比，更高的空间分辨率 光圈。 我们的原型半球形阵列由四个交叉型子阵组成，每个子阵有128个离散的子阵 元素。目前，这个阵列被用来使用一个 螺旋扫描策略，充分扩大视野，进行全乳房筛查- 光声乳房摄影(PAM)。 在这项工作的第一阶段，我们将增加一个多路脉冲发生器，脉冲序列发生器和T/R开关来捕获 足以使用相同重建形成3D超声图像的超声反射率数据 PAM中使用的策略。完整的3D图像采集将需要3.4分钟，与目前用于 PAM数据收集。空间分辨率和低对比度可检测性将使用 拟人化的幻影。 在第二阶段，HD-US将与PAM相结合，以产生软组织和 微钙化。3D图像将与血红蛋白的PAM图像共同配准 使用单个半球形换能器阵列在乳房中的分布。

High Definition Ultrasound for Mammography Abstract We propose to develop High Definition Ultrasound (HD-US) based on a hemispherical synthetic aperture and backscattered sonic waves. This configuration will produce direct three-dimensional maps of ultrasound reflectivity of breast tissues, and will display higher signal-to-noise, reduced speckle and greater spatial resolution compared to ultrasound arrays based on linear or curved planar sampling apertures. Our prototype hemispherical array consists of four interdigitated sub-arrays, each having 128 discrete elements. Currently, this array is used to capture 3D photoacoustic images of the whole breast using a spiral scanning strategy to increase the field of view sufficiently to perform whole-breast screening - PhotoAcoustic Mammography (PAM). In Phase I of this work, we will add a multiplexed pulser, pulse sequencer and T/R switches to capture ultrasound reflectivity data sufficient to form a 3D ultrasound image using the same reconstruction strategy used in PAM. Full 3D image acquisition will take 3.4 minutes, the same as currently used for PAM data collection. Spatial resolution and low contrast detectability will be quantified using anthropomorphic phantoms. In Phase II, HD-US will be combined with PAM to produce 3D images of soft tissue and microcalcifications. The 3D images will be co-registered with the PAM images of hemoglobin distribution in the breast using a single hemispherical transducer array.