Links among adolescent executive function, effortful control and psychopathology

青少年执行功能、努力控制和精神病理学之间的联系

• 批准号: 8875774
• 负责人: BENJAMIN L HANKIN
• 金额: $ 18.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF DENVER (COLORADO SEMINARY)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8875774
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Categories; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Correlation Studies; Decision Making; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Emotional disorder; Equation; Executive Dysfunction; Factor Analysis; Future; Goals; Habits; Health; Impairment; Informal Social Control; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Names; Occupational; Outcome; Parents; Performance; Process; Psychopathology; Publishing; Questionnaires; Recovery; Reporting; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Risk; Risk Factors; Symptoms; Task Performances; Temperament; Testing; Translational Research; cognitive control; cognitive process; coping; critical period; depressive symptoms; developmental psychology; effective intervention; executive function; experience; functional disability; high risk; informant; innovation; motivational processes; novel; response; screening; social; tool; treatment response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive control processes regulate lower level processes and thereby enable self-directed behavior towards a goal, allowing us to break out of habits, make decisions and evaluate risks, plan for the future, prioritize and sequence our actions, and cope with novel situations. In other words, cognitive control is essential for successfully navigating nearly all of our daily activities. The proposed research seeks to make an innovative contribution to knowledge of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) domain of cognitive control by: 1) examining the extent to which two distinct ways of assessing cognitive control, executive function task performance and the temperament dimension of effortful control may be interchangeable markers of the same latent construct, or separable, but related latent constructs; and 2) investigate the extent to which cognitive control, as conceptualized and assessed by multiple measures of executive function and effortful control, is broadly related to adolescent psychopathology (transdiagnostic) or relatively specific to common forms of psychopathological symptoms (depression, anxiety, ADHD). Executive function impairments are now widely acknowledged as an important aspect of psychopathology, including depression, anxiety, and ADHD, and may be important contributors to impairments in social, occupational and educational functioning. Recently, it has been proposed that such executive function deficits may be a transdiagnostic risk factor for both emotional and behavioral disorders. Likewise, the temperament dimension of effortful control has also been linked to psychopathology. However, the relation between executive function and effortful control, and which aspects of these constructs drive their associations with psychopathology, remain unclear. In addition, there has been very little research on links among executive function, effortful control, and psychopathology during adolescence. Lack of research in adolescents is an important gap in the literature because adolescence is a critical period for the development of executive function, increased importance of self-regulation, and the determination of psychopathology trajectories. The proposed study thus uses a methodologically superior latent variable approach to investigate how executive function and effortful control are related in adolescents, and how they are in turn related to the most common forms of adolescent psychopathology (depression, anxiety and ADHD). The proposed research uses a multi-method, multi-informant approach, using a battery of well-validated measures to assess executive function task performance and adolescent self and parent reported effortful control and psychopathology symptoms. Analyses will use confirmatory factors analysis and structural equation modeling to test relations between these constructs at the latent variable level. This proposal will make a significant contribution t interdisciplinary research by clarifying the core processes of this important RDoC construct and linking what is known about EF and EC, answering calls in the field for an integrative model that can better inform future translational research.

描述（由申请人提供）：认知控制过程调节较低层次的过程，从而实现自我导向的行为，使我们能够打破习惯，做出决定和评估风险，计划未来，优先考虑和排序我们的行动，并应对新的情况。换句话说，认知控制对于我们几乎所有的日常活动都是必不可少的。本研究旨在通过以下方式对认知控制的研究领域标准（RDoC）领域的知识做出创新贡献：1)研究评估认知控制、执行功能、任务表现和努力控制的气质维度的两种不同方法在多大程度上可能是同一潜在构念的可互换标记，或可分离但相关的潜在构念；2)调查认知控制在多大程度上与青少年精神病理（跨诊断）或相对特定于常见的精神病理症状（抑郁、焦虑、多动症）有广泛的联系，认知控制通过执行功能和努力控制的多种测量来概念化和评估。执行功能障碍现在被广泛认为是精神病理学的一个重要方面，包括抑郁、焦虑和多动症，并且可能是社会、职业和教育功能障碍的重要因素。最近，有人提出，这种执行功能缺陷可能是情绪和行为障碍的一个跨诊断风险因素。同样，努力控制的气质维度也与精神病理学有关。然而，执行功能和努力控制之间的关系，以及这些构念的哪些方面驱动它们与精神病理的关联，仍然不清楚。此外，很少有关于青春期执行功能、努力控制和精神病理之间联系的研究。缺乏对青少年的研究是一个重要的文献空白，因为青少年是执行功能发展的关键时期，自我调节的重要性增加，以及确定精神病理轨迹。因此，该研究采用了一种方法学上优越的潜变量方法来调查青少年的执行功能和努力控制之间的关系，以及它们与最常见的青少年精神病理（抑郁、焦虑和多动症）之间的关系。拟议的研究采用多方法、多信息来源的方法，使用一系列行之有效的措施来评估执行功能、任务表现、青少年自我和父母报告的努力控制和精神病理症状。分析将使用验证性因素分析和结构方程模型来检验这些结构在潜在变量水平上的关系。通过阐明这一重要的RDoC结构的核心过程，并将EF和EC的已知知识联系起来，本提案将对跨学科研究做出重大贡献，回应该领域对一个可以更好地为未来翻译研究提供信息的综合模型的呼吁。