A Self-Regulation Approach to an Indoor Tanning Intervention for Frequent Users

描述（由申请人提供）：本次K07奖申请的目的是建立一个职业发展和研究计划，为新泽西州癌症研究所和罗伯特伍德约翰逊医学院的医学助理教授Jerod L. Stapleton博士提供必要的经验和技能，使其成为一名成功的独立研究者，将创新的健康行为模型应用于量身定制的行为干预措施的发展，以减少癌症风险行为。该提案的研究目标是利用自我调节理论框架评估频繁人工紫外线室内晒黑的新预测因素，并将研究结果应用于开发在线定制干预措施，以减少年轻女性的室内晒黑行为。斯台普顿博士的职业发展目标将通过四个领域的正式课程、指导学习和研究活动来实现：(1)癌症预防和控制；(2)健康行为理论；(3)定性研究方法；(4)量身定制的行为干预措施。斯台普顿博士战略性地确定了一个强大的导师团队，包括Sharon Manne博士（行为干预）、Ben Crabtree博士（定性研究方法）和Howard Leventhal博士（健康行为理论）。Lee Ritterband博士（互联网干预）和Kathryn Greene博士（沟通理论）将协助Stapleton博士实现他的研究目标。黑色素瘤是最致命的一种皮肤癌，发病率和死亡率都在迅速上升，目前是美国第六大常见癌症。美国癌症协会（American Cancer Society）估计，2013年，美国将诊断出76,690例黑色素瘤，9,480人将死于黑色素瘤，平均每小时有9例诊断和1例死亡。流行病学研究表明，使用人工紫外线室内晒黑床与患黑色素瘤的风险之间存在联系。经常在室内晒黑的人患黑色素瘤的风险呈指数增长。这项研究促使许多国家和国际卫生组织承认室内晒黑对人类有致癌作用。近20年来，年轻女性的室内美黑和黑色素瘤发病率都在上升，这进一步说明了室内美黑的风险。美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention）最近的一份报告显示，2010年，年龄在18-25岁之间的白人女性中，近三分之一的人使用室内美黑，五分之一的人使用室内美黑的频率高于那些显示出成倍增加黑色素瘤风险的频率。有必要更好地了解经常使用室内美黑的人的决策，以便制定行为干预措施来减少这一群体的室内美黑。本研究计划采用一系列的定性研究，通过适应自我调节理论框架来理解决策。这些研究的结果将用于开发和试点测试一种创新的在线、量身定制的行为干预。这种类型的干预措施在具有成本效益的传播方面具有巨大的潜力，并有可能减少未来皮肤癌的发病率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this K07 award application is to establish a career development and research plan that will provide Dr. Jerod L. Stapleton, Assistant Professor of Medicine at The Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, with the experiences and skills necessary to become a successful independent investigator in the area of applying innovative models of health behavior to the development of tailored behavioral interventions to reduce cancer risk behaviors. The research goals of the proposal are to assess novel predictors of frequent artificial ultraviolet indoor tanning using a self-regulation theoretical framework and to apply findings to the development of an online, tailored intervention to reduce indoor tanning behaviors among young women. Dr. Stapleton's career development goals will be met through formal coursework, mentored learning, and research activities in four areas: (1) cancer prevention and control; (2) health behavior theory; (3) qualitative research methods; and (4) the development of tailored behavioral interventions. Dr. Stapleton has strategically identified a strong mentor team of Dr. Sharon Manne (behavioral interventions), Dr. Ben Crabtree (qualitative research methods), and Dr. Howard Leventhal (health behavior theory). A team of collaborators, Dr. Lee Ritterband (internet interventions) and Dr. Kathryn Greene (communication theory), will assist Dr. Stapleton in meeting his research goals. Melanoma, the most deadly form of skin cancer, has a rapidly rising incidence and mortality rate and is now the sixth most common cancer in the United States. The American Cancer Society estimates that in 2013, 76,690 melanomas will be diagnosed and 9,480 people will die from melanoma in the U.S., an average of 9 diagnoses and 1 death every hour. Epidemiological research has shown a link between use of artificial ultraviolet indoor tanning beds and risk of melanoma. The risk of melanoma increases exponentially among those who frequently use indoor tanning. This research has prompted numerous national and international health organizations to recognize indoor tanning as carcinogenic to humans. Rates of indoor tanning and melanoma have both been increasing among young women for nearly 20 years, further illustrating the risks of indoor tanning. A recent report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention showed that nearly 1 in 3 white women between the ages of 18-25 years old used indoor tanning in 2010 and 1 in 5 used indoor tanning at a frequency higher than those shown to exponentially increase melanoma risk. There is a need for a greater understanding of the decision-making of frequent indoor tanning users in order to create behavioral interventions to reduce indoor tanning in this group. The research proposal involves using a series of qualitative research studies to understand decision-making by adapting a self-regulation theory framework. Findings from these studies will be used to develop and pilot test an innovative online, tailored behavioral intervention. This type of intervention has great potential for cost-effective dissemination and the potential to reduce incidence of future skin cancers.