Randomized Trial of a Social Media-Delivered Intervention Targeting Indoor Tanning Users

项目概要/摘要 每年因黑色素瘤（最致命的皮肤癌形式）接受治疗的美国成年人人数几乎 在过去15年中，发病率翻了一番，预计到2030年发病率将再次翻一番。这种增长部分是 这要归功于人造紫外线日光浴床的流行。尽管许多人承认 国家和国际卫生组织认为对人类致癌，近1000万美国人 使用室内日光浴床。据估计，美国每10例新的黑色素瘤病例中就有1例， 每年的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌病例可直接归因于室内晒黑。最令人担忧的是， 五分之一的年轻成年白色女性从事高风险的室内晒黑，定义为使用室内晒黑床， 每年至少十次，这与黑色素瘤风险的大幅增加有关。作为室内晒黑 在过去的二十年里，黑色素瘤在年轻女性中越来越受欢迎， 最常见的癌症。2014年卫生部长呼吁采取行动，以防止皮肤 癌症确定了一个关键的研究差距，与缺乏针对室内高风险的干预措施有关。 指出并解决晒黑的潜在动机，包括“希望看起来有吸引力和健康， 符合社会审美标准”。此应用程序的目的是实施和测试干预措施 旨在鼓励高危人群停止室内晒黑。干预措施是独一无二的， 有说服力的技术和内容，以减少被晒黑的感知压力，降低晒黑的价值， 并促进积极的身体形象，而不是专注于有关晒黑风险的信息。的 干预将通过社交媒体网站Facebook的“秘密小组”功能提供。使用 Facebook群组将允许参与者之间基于群组的互动，这可以促进更强大的 改变态度和行为，并提供一个平台，将干预嵌入个人的正常生活， 例行公事第一个建议的目的是从我们的初步干预中提炼现有的干预内容 研究与用户生成的反馈。第二个目的是进行一项随机对照试验， 对400名从事高风险晒黑的年轻妇女进行了干预。我们的主要假设是 接受干预的参与者将在6个月的随访中报告较少的室内晒黑， 那些参与控制Facebook组的人。我们的第三个目标是检验假设的社会心理学 干预效果的中介。该干预措施具有成本效益高、广泛的潜力， 传播，并针对未来癌症发展的高风险群体。如果干预有效， 有可能显著降低黑色素瘤和其他皮肤癌日益增长的负担。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The number of U.S. adults treated annually for melanoma, the most deadly form of skin cancer, has nearly doubled in the past 15 years and the incidence rate is projected to again double by 2030. This growth is partly attributed to the popularity of artificial ultraviolet-emitting indoor tanning beds. Despite recognition by numerous national and international health organizations as being carcinogenic to humans, nearly 10 million Americans use indoor tanning beds each year. An estimated 1 in 10 of all new U.S. cases of melanoma and 400,000 annual cases of non-melanoma skin cancer are directly attributable to indoor tanning. Most concerning, nearly 1 in 5 young adult white females engage in high-risk indoor tanning, defined as using indoor tanning beds at least ten times a year, which is associated with a substantially increased risk of melanoma. As indoor tanning gained popularity among young women over the past two decades, melanoma has recently become one of the most common cancers among this population. The 2014 Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer identified a critical research gap related to an absence of interventions that target high risk indoor tanners and address underlying motives for tanning, including “the desire to look attractive and healthy and to conform to societal beauty standards”. The purpose of this application is to implement and test an intervention designed to encourage indoor tanning cessation among high-risk tanners. The intervention is unique in using persuasive techniques and content to reduce perceived pressure to be tan, reduce the value placed on tanning, and promote positive body image rather than focusing on information about the risks of tanning. The intervention will be delivered via the social media site Facebook through the “secret groups” feature. The use of Facebook groups will allow group-based interactions among participants, which can facilitate stronger changes in attitudes and behaviors, and provides a platform to embed the intervention into individuals' normal routines. The first proposed aim is to refine the existing intervention content from our preliminary intervention studies with user-generated feedback. The second aim is to conduct a randomized controlled trial of the intervention in a sample of 400 young women engaged in high-risk tanning. Our primary hypothesis is that participants who receive the intervention will report less indoor tanning at a 6-month follow-up compared to those who participate in a control Facebook group. Our third aim will examine hypothesized psychosocial mediators of the intervention effects. The intervention has strong potential for cost-effective, widespread dissemination and targets a group at high-risk for future cancer development. If effective, the intervention has the potential to significantly reduce the growing burden of melanoma and other skin cancers.