Brain Network Dynamics Contributing to Atypical Social Interaction in Autism

大脑网络动力学导致自闭症患者的非典型社交互动

• 批准号: 9313933
• 负责人: Elizabeth Redcay
• 金额: $ 53.18万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-11 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9313933
• 关键词: 12 year old; Address; Age; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Cognitive; Data; Development; Diagnostic; Disease; Divorce; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gender; Goals; Gold; Graph; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; MRI Scans; Maps; Measures; Medial; Methods; Mission; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Parents; Pathway Analysis; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Reciprocal Social Interaction; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Rest; Rewards; Risk Marker; Role; Social Behavior; Social Development; Social Interaction; Support System; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Ventral Striatum; age related; autism spectrum disorder; base; cognitive system; cognitive task; data acquisition; disability; innovation; insight; mental state; middle childhood; neural circuit; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; programs; relating to nervous system; reward anticipation; reward circuitry; reward processing; social; social organization; social skills; theories

Atypical reciprocal social interaction is a core diagnostic feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the brain network dynamics contributing to difficulties with social interactions remain unclear. Dominant theories suggest a role for social-motivational and social-cognitive brain networks. However, these theories have been tested in neuroimaging contexts divorced from social interaction (i.e., viewing photos of strangers). Because these detached, offline measures fail to capture the real-world social-interactive challenges faced by individuals with ASD, the critical question of what neural mechanisms underlie atypical social interaction remains unanswered. The current proposal takes an innovative, interactive approach by examining real-time social interaction during fMRI data acquisition to characterize the development and interaction of motivational (i.e., reward) and social-cognitive brain networks during middle childhood. Middle childhood presents an opportune time to address this question because this age is marked by increased social competence in neurotypical (NT) children but plateauing social abilities in ASD. At the neural level, middle childhood is a time of significant change in social brain networks in NT but relatively little data speak to these changes in ASD. Our central hypothesis is that atypical organization of social-motivational and social-cognitive networks during real- time social interactions predict social-interactive difficulties in autism. We will test this hypothesis with the following specific aims in NT and ASD children: 1) determine whether approval from a real-time social partner modulates motivational systems and 2) determine whether real-time social interaction modulates social- cognitive systems, and 3) determine how interactions between motivational and social-cognitive networks during real-time social interaction relate to measures of real-world social behaviors. To achieve these aims, 70 NT and 54 ASD children (7-12 years of age) will participate in a social reward and a social cognitive task in which they engage with an experimenter in real time during functional MRI data acquisition. Graph theoretic measures will be used to examine network organization and interactions within motivational and social- cognitive brain networks during the social interaction task and at rest. Successful completion of the proposed research will advance our understanding of how reward and social-cognitive networks are modulated by real- time social interaction in children with ASD and whether atypical modulation of these networks is related to real-world social impairments. These contributions will be significant to the scientific field and relevant to the strategic mission of NIMH because they will 1) provide critical missing information about the development of brain mechanisms underlying social interaction, 2) determine how individual differences in these brain circuits map onto directly observable behavior, and 3) examine differences in the course and mechanism of functional brain development between neurotypical and ASD children, which will address questions of how, when, and where to intervene.

非典型的相互社交是自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的核心诊断特征，但 导致社交困难的大脑网络动力学仍不清楚。主导性理论 建议发挥社会激励和社会认知大脑网络的作用。然而，这些理论一直是 在脱离社会互动(即观看陌生人的照片)的神经成像环境中进行测试。因为 这些独立的、离线的措施未能捕捉到 ASD患者的关键问题是，非典型社会互动背后的神经机制是什么 仍无人接听。当前的提案采用了一种创新的交互式方法，通过检查实时 FMRI数据采集过程中的社会交互作用表征动机的发展和交互作用 (即，奖赏)和社会认知大脑网络在童年中期。童年中期呈现出一种 现在是时候回答这个问题了，因为这个时代的特点是社交能力在 神经典型(NT)儿童，但社交能力在ASD中停滞不前。在神经层面上，童年中期是一个时期 NT的社会脑网络的显著变化，但相对较少的数据能说明ASD的这些变化。我们的 中心假说是，非典型的组织社会动机和社会认知网络在真实的- 时间社交互动预测自闭症的社交互动困难。我们将使用 NT和ASD儿童的以下具体目标：1)确定是否得到实时社会伴侣的批准 调整激励系统和2)确定实时社交互动是否调整社交- 认知系统，以及3)决定动机和社会认知网络之间的互动 在实时社交过程中，社交与衡量真实世界的社交行为有关。为了实现这些目标，70 NT和54名ASD儿童(7-12岁)将参与一项社会奖励和一项社会认知任务 他们在功能磁共振数据采集期间与实验者实时接触。图论 将使用措施来检查网络组织以及激励和社会内部的互动- 在社会互动任务中和休息时认知大脑网络。圆满完成拟议中的 研究将增进我们对奖励和社会认知网络是如何由真实的 自闭症儿童的时间社会互动以及这些网络的非典型调制是否与 现实世界中的社会缺陷。这些贡献将对科学领域具有重大意义，并与 NIMH的战略任务，因为他们将1)提供有关发展的关键缺失信息 社会互动背后的大脑机制，2)决定这些大脑回路中的个体差异 映射到直接可观察的行为上，以及3)检查功能障碍的过程和机制的差异 神经典型儿童和自闭症儿童之间的大脑发育，这将解决如何、何时和 在哪里进行干预。