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Testing a Smartphone Breathalyzer and BAC Estimator in Young Adult Heavy Drinkers

在年轻成年酗酒者中测试智能手机呼气分析仪和 BAC 估算器

基本信息

批准号：
9212072
负责人：
ROBERT F LEEMAN
金额：
$ 21.56万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-02-01 至 2019-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9212072
关键词：
Alcohol consumption Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcohols Beer Behavior Therapy Behavioral Blood alcohol level measurement Cellular Phone Cognitive Conscious Counseling Data Devices Disincentive Female Frequencies Future Health Technology Heavy Drinking Hour Intervention Laboratories Lead Measurement Monitor Motivation National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Outcome Participant Patient Self-Report Performance Pharmaceutical Preparations Phonation Population Prevalence Professional counselor Public Health Randomized Reading Research Sampling Self Administration Self-Administered Techniques Technology Telephone Testing Text Time Weight Woman alcohol consequences alcohol effect alcohol intervention alcohol measurement alcohol use disorder base behavior test brief intervention design drinking experience heavy drinking young adult interest preference primary outcome problem drinker protective effect public health relevance sex tool young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are techniques used to limit alcohol use and/or curtail related negative consequences. While PBS use is generally associated with more moderate drinking, some strategies may have stronger protective effects than others. These findings along with mixed results from studies of PBS- focused interventions suggest there may be limitations in the ways counselors have taught PBS and/or ways young adults implement them. Limited use of concrete tools to facilitate PBS use may be one such limitation. Technology-based tools (TBTs) have 2 advantages for PBS use: 1) young adults are interested in technology for health purposes; 2) they are skilled at technology use. Smartphone applications (apps) are promising but under-researched. Apps that facilitate lowering of blood alcohol content (BAC) would be particularly valuable. We will compare 2 BAC monitoring apps with a phone-based drink counting control condition as adjuncts to BAC-focused counseling for efficacy in reducing alcohol self-administration. One app is a breathalyzer that produces accurate readings using a device that snaps onto a smartphone. A second app yields BAC estimates based on sex, weight, time elapsed and number of drinks. While the breathalyzer app provides high accuracy, some young adults could be self-conscious about blowing into a device. Between-subjects, we will randomize heavy drinking young adults (N = 99) to brief counseling plus 1 of 3 TBTs (breathalyzer, BAC estimator, control condition), which they will use during a 3-hour laboratory alcohol self-administration period. Pay reductions based on poor performance on cognitive/psychomotor tasks sensitive to alcohol effects provide a disincentive for excessive drinking during the drinking session. Participants may avoid pay reductions with help of a TBT. Peak estimated BAC and number of drinks consumed during the 3 hours will be the primary outcomes. After the drinking session, participants will be given all 3 TBTs to use on their own in the field for 2 weeks to assess alcohol drinking while each TBT is used; preference for and acceptability of each TBT as exploratory aims. Laboratory alcohol self-administration paradigms, while used often to test medications, have been under- utilized in testing behavioral interventions. Lab paradigms offer advantages in the study of PBS, including direct measurement of PBS use and its relation to alcohol consumption with reduced emphasis on self-report. We hypothesize that participants randomized to either BAC-related app condition will administer significantly fewer beers and reach lower peak estimated BAC in an alcohol drinking session, compared to a drink counting control condition. We will also compare the 3 TBTs on participants' ratings of acceptability and likelihood of future use between-subjects, based on their experiences during the session and within-subjects, based on their experiences during the 2-week field use period. We will also test for interactions by sex for all outcomes. BAC-related apps could lead to large decreases in drinking with minimal effort. Potential public health impact is substantial due to prevalence of alcohol use disorders and infrequent treatment seeking in this population.

描述（由申请人提供）：保护性行为策略（PBS）是用于限制酒精使用和/或减少相关负面后果的技术。虽然PBS的使用通常与更适度的饮酒有关，但某些策略可能比其他策略具有更强的保护作用。这些发现沿着来自以PBS为重点的干预措施的研究的混合结果表明，辅导员教授PBS的方式和/或年轻人实施PBS的方式可能存在局限性。有限地使用具体工具来促进PBS的使用可能是这样一个限制。基于技术的工具（TBT）对于PBS的使用有两个优势：用途：1）年轻人对用于健康目的的技术感兴趣; 2）他们熟练使用技术。智能手机应用程序（应用程序）很有前途，但研究不足。有助于降低血液酒精含量（BAC）的应用程序将特别有价值。我们将比较2个BAC监测应用程序与基于电话的饮酒计数控制条件，作为BAC为重点的咨询在减少酒精自我管理的有效性的证据。其中一个应用程序是一个呼气测醉器，它使用一个可以连接到智能手机上的设备来产生准确的读数。第二个应用程序根据性别、体重、经过的时间和饮料数量得出BAC估计值。虽然呼气测醉器应用程序提供了很高的准确性，但一些年轻人可能会对着设备吹气感到不自在。在受试者之间，我们将重度饮酒的年轻人（N = 99）随机分配至简短的咨询加3种TBT（呼气测醉器、BAC估计器、对照条件）中的1种，他们将在3小时的实验室酒精自我给药期间使用。在对酒精影响敏感的认知/心理任务上表现不佳的基础上减薪，对饮酒期间过度饮酒起到了抑制作用。参与者可借助技术性贸易壁垒避免减薪。估计的BAC峰值和3小时内消耗的饮料数量将是主要结果。饮酒后，将给予参与者所有3种TBT，让他们在现场自行使用2周，以评估使用每种TBT时的饮酒情况;将每种TBT的偏好和可接受性作为探索性目标。实验室酒精自我管理的范例，而经常用于测试药物，一直未充分利用在测试行为干预。实验室范式在PBS的研究中提供了优势，包括直接测量PBS的使用及其与酒精消费的关系，减少了对自我报告的强调。我们假设，与饮酒计数控制条件相比，随机分配到BAC相关应用程序条件的参与者在饮酒会话中将管理显着更少的啤酒并达到更低的峰值估计BAC。我们还将根据参与者在会议期间和受试者内的经验，根据他们在2周现场使用期间的经验，比较3种TBT对受试者之间可接受性和未来使用可能性的评分。我们还将测试所有结局的性别相互作用。与BAC相关的应用程序可以以最小的努力大幅减少饮酒。潜在的公共卫生影响是巨大的，由于酒精使用障碍的患病率和罕见的治疗寻求在这一人群中。