Linking Impulsivity Domains and Subjective Response to Alcohol in Young Adults Using Lab and Daily Assessment Methods

使用实验室和日常评估方法将年轻人的冲动域和对酒精的主观反应联系起来

• 批准号: 10706464
• 负责人: ROBERT F LEEMAN
• 金额: $ 66.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-20 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10706464
• 关键词: Accounting; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Biological; Biological Markers; Biosensor; Blood alcohol level measurement; Data; Ecological momentary assessment; Etiology; Event; Exanthema; Expectancy; Failure; Female; Impulsivity; Individual Differences; Intervention; Intravenous; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mediator; Methods; Mission; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Population Intervention; Prevention; Prevention Research; Public Health; Publishing; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sedation procedure; Self Administration; Sex Differences; Testing; Time; Woman; Wrist; addiction; adolescent alcohol misuse; age group; alcohol consequences; alcohol effect; alcohol intervention; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol response; alcohol reward; alcohol sensitivity; alcohol use disorder; design; discounting; drinking; examination questions; high risk; innovation; lectures; men; negative affect; novel; pharmacologic; preference; protective factors; response; theories; trait; treatment research; young adult; young woman

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Young adult alcohol misuse is an urgent, growing public health crisis, as young adults have the highest alcohol use disorder rates of any age group with rates increasing in young women. Interventions for this population are hampered by small effects, few options and lack of tailoring to salient risk factors. A recent review in Addiction argued that research informing interventions fails to account for the complexity of relationships among factors contributing to young adult alcohol misuse. We will address these needs by examining relationships between two cardinal etiologic risk factors: impulsivity and subjective response to alcohol (SR). Despite theoretical and biological links between them, little is known about relations between the two risk factors, or how associations between them may promote young adult alcohol misuse longitudinally and on a momentary or daily basis. Prior theory and evidence linking impulsivity and positive, rewarding alcohol effects have been primarily learning and expectancy based. Here, based on exciting preliminary results, we posit an inherent, biological link between impulsivity and high-risk SR (elevated stimulation and dampened sedation). This research is nascent with multiple gaps in knowledge. We will address these gaps by examining impulsivity pre-drinking, SR and alcohol use in a lab setting and via seven 10-day daily assessment periods over 2 years using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) (N=250, 50% female). Using self-report and both lab and mobile tasks, we will characterize 3 unique, established impulsivity domains: poor inhibitory control, delay discounting and negative urgency. SR will be assessed at successive breath alcohol levels using precision intravenous (IV) methods in the lab, followed by opportunity to self-administer more IV alcohol. We will also measure SR at roughly comparable, estimated blood alcohol levels via daily EMA methods. This design enables testing of SR early in a drinking event as a predictor of in-lab and daily alcohol use, along with alcohol use and consequences over time, plus SR’s potential role as a mediator of impulsivity/alcohol relations. Recent findings indicate daily changes in impulsivity predict subsequent drinking and consequences. These types of changes are challenging to capture with lab methods only. Daily measures also enable modeling of both person-level individual differences and daily, within-subject effects. However, there are no published studies relating daily impulsivity and SR measures. In this study, we will: 1) determine relations between lab-based impulsivity and SR; 2) determine relations between daily impulsivity and SR; and 3) relate impulsivity and SR to alcohol misuse longitudinally. We hypothesize impulsivity will relate to heightened stimulation and less sedation following alcohol and that SR will partially mediate relations between impulsivity and alcohol misuse. Evidence of links between specific impulsivity domains and SR longitudinally and on a momentary/daily basis will point to specific intervention targets to ameliorate two critical vulnerability factors for young adult alcohol misuse. Thus, we will: 1) identify mechanisms of alcohol action and 2) facilitate prevention and treatment research: two NIAAA priority areas.

项目摘要/摘要 年轻人酗酒是一个紧迫的、日益严重的公共健康危机，因为年轻人的酒精含量最高 任何年龄段的使用障碍率，年轻女性的使用率都在上升。针对这一人群的干预措施是 受制于影响小、选择少以及缺乏针对突出风险因素的量身定做。《成瘾》的最新综述 认为为干预提供信息的研究未能考虑到因素之间关系的复杂性 导致年轻人酗酒。我们将通过检查以下各项之间的关系来满足这些需求 两个主要的病因危险因素：冲动和对酒精的主观反应(SR)。尽管理论上和 它们之间的生物学联系，对这两个风险因素之间的关系，或如何关联，知之甚少 他们之间可能会促进青少年纵向和瞬间或每天的酒精滥用。之前 将冲动和积极的、有益的酒精效应联系起来的理论和证据主要是学习和 以预期为基础。在这里，基于令人兴奋的初步结果，我们假设了内在的，生物学上的联系 冲动和高风险SR(刺激升高和镇静抑制)。这项研究刚刚起步 知识上的多重鸿沟。我们将通过检查饮酒前的冲动、SR和酒精来解决这些差距 在实验室环境中使用，并在两年内通过七个为期10天的每日评估期使用生态瞬间 评估(EMA)(N=250，女性50%)。使用自我报告以及实验室和移动任务，我们将描述 3个独特的、既定的冲动领域：糟糕的抑制控制、延迟折扣和消极紧迫感。高级公务员 将在实验室使用精密静脉注射(IV)方法在连续的呼吸酒精水平下进行评估， 然后是自我注射更多静脉注射酒精的机会。我们还将以大致可比的价格衡量SR， 通过每日EMA方法估计血液酒精水平。这种设计能够在饮酒的早期测试SR 事件作为实验室内和日常饮酒的预测指标，以及随着时间的推移饮酒和后果，加上 SR作为冲动/酒精关系的调解人的潜在作用。最近的研究结果表明， 冲动预示着随后的饮酒和后果。这些类型的变化很难捕捉 只能用实验室的方法。日常测量还允许对个人级别的个体差异和 日常的，主体内的效果。然而，目前还没有公开发表的关于日常冲动和SR的研究 措施。在本研究中，我们将：1)确定基于实验室的冲动性与SR之间的关系；2)确定 日常冲动与SR之间的关系；3)冲动和SR与酒精滥用的纵向联系。 我们假设冲动将与酒精后刺激增强和镇静减少有关，而SR 将部分调节冲动和酗酒之间的关系。特定国家之间联系的证据 冲动领域和纵向和即时/每日的SR将指向特定的干预 目标是改善年轻人酗酒的两个关键易受伤害因素。因此，我们将：1)确定 酒精作用机制和2)促进预防和治疗研究：NIAAA的两个优先领域。