Hearing loss impairs perceptual and neural processing at fast time scales

听力损失会损害快速时间尺度的知觉和神经处理

• 批准号: 9394971
• 负责人: Justin Daniel Yao
• 金额: $ 5.67万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9394971
• 关键词: Auditory; Auditory Psychophysics; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavioral; Brain Stem; Burn injury; Clinical; Communication; Comprehension; Conductive hearing loss; Cues; Desire for food; Detection; Development; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Electrodes; External auditory canal; Frequencies; Gerbils; Goals; Grant; Hearing; Impairment; Implant; Lead; Left; Measures; Modeling; Neuraxis; Neurons; Perception; Performance; Periodicity; Peripheral; Procedures; Psychometrics; Psychophysics; Signal Transduction; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; System; Task Performances; Telemetry; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Training; Wireless Technology; Work; awake; base; behavioral impairment; experience; extracellular; hearing impairment; implantation; language processing; neural correlate; neuromechanism; postnatal; relating to nervous system; response; restoration; sound; speech processing; targeted treatment; temporal measurement

PROJECT SUMMARY Developmental hearing loss (HL) can impair the perception of amplitude modulations (AM), which are the temporal fluctuations of sound level that support speech comprehension, rhythm, prosody, and pitch. In fact, temporal processing for fast AM rates seems to be most vulnerable to HL. One explanation for these perceptual deficits is that developmental HL degrades the neural representation of AM within the auditory system. Thus, this proposal will evaluate HL-related neural and behavioral deficits in fast temporal processing through a systems-level approach. Envelope following responses (EFRs), which reflect peripheral and subcortical generators, will be recorded from normal hearing (NH) and HL-reared gerbils to assess brainstem temporal processing. Extracellular responses will then be obtained telemetrically from core auditory cortex (ACx) neurons as gerbils perform an auditory psychophysical task that assesses AM sensitivity or rate discriminability. The core hypothesis is that developmental conductive HL disrupts cortical AM response magnitude and tuning, especially at fast modulation rates, thereby degrading perceptual sensitivity and temporal resolution, respectively. I will explore this hypothesis with three aims. Specific Aim 1 will determine whether developmental HL leads to deficits in AM detection. Gerbils will be trained on an AM detection task that spans a broad range of AM rates and then subsequently tested across a range of AM depths for a single AM rate. Psychometric performance will be compared between NH and HL groups to evaluate the degree of HL-related deficits. Specific Aim 2 will determine whether developmental HL leads to deficits in AM rate discrimination. The task structure is identical to the AM detection task, with the exception that gerbils are required to discriminate between separate AM rates. Specific Aim 3 will determine whether degraded brainstem or cortical encoding mechanisms could account for developmental HL-related deficits in AM sensitivity (Aim 1) and rate discriminability (Aim 2). First, EFRs will be obtained across AM rates in all gerbils before ACx electrode implantation, and then again after all awake-behaving sessions have been acquired. Gerbils will then be implanted with an electrode array in the left core ACx and cortical responses will be recorded wirelessly during task performance and separate sessions when the gerbils are disengaged from the task. Neural sensitivity across brainstem and cortical levels will be compared within and between NH and HL groups. Together, these aims will further the understanding of the neural mechanisms, and their origins, underlying HL-related deficits that involve encoding envelope cues associated in communication and other perceptual qualities in speech. The long-term implication of this work is that specific HL-related impairments in speech and language processing can be attributed to peripheral or central nervous system deficits, which can be targeted for therapeutic intervention and restoration.

项目总结 发育性听力损失(HL)会损害对幅度调制(AM)的感知，而AM是 支持语音理解、节奏、韵律和音高的声音级别的时间波动。事实上, 对于快速AM频率的时间处理似乎最容易受到HL的影响。对此有一种解释 知觉缺陷是发育性HL降低了AM在听觉中的神经表征 系统。因此，这项建议将评估快速时间加工中与HL相关的神经和行为缺陷 通过系统级的方法。包络跟随反应(EFR)，反映外周和 皮层下发生器，将从正常听力(NH)沙土鼠和HL饲养的沙土鼠记录，以评估脑干 时间处理。然后，细胞外反应将从核心听觉皮质通过遥测获得 沙土鼠(ACX)神经元执行听觉心理物理任务，评估AM的敏感度或比率 可识别性。核心假设是发育传导性HL扰乱大脑皮层AM反应 幅度和调谐，特别是在快速调制速率下，从而降低感知灵敏度和 时间分辨率分别为。我将以三个目的来探讨这一假说。具体目标1将决定 发育性HL是否导致AM检测缺陷。沙鼠将接受AM检测任务的训练 这涵盖了广泛的AM速率，然后在一系列AM深度上进行了测试 上午10点。将比较NH组和HL组的心理测量能力，以评估其程度 与HL相关的缺陷。特定目标2将决定发育性HL是否导致AM率缺陷 歧视。任务结构与AM检测任务相同，不同之处在于沙鼠 需要区分不同的AM费率。具体目标3将决定是否降级 脑干或皮质编码机制可能是AM的HL相关发育缺陷的原因 敏感度(目标1)和比率可识别性(目标2)。首先，将在所有沙土鼠的AM比率中获得EFR 在植入ACX电极之前，然后在获得所有清醒行为会话之后再次进行。 然后，沙土鼠将在左侧ACX核心植入电极阵列，皮质反应将 在任务执行期间进行无线记录，并在沙鼠脱离 任务。将在NH和HL内部和之间比较跨脑干和皮质水平的神经敏感性 组。总之，这些目标将进一步加深对神经机制及其起源的理解， 潜在的HL相关缺陷，涉及编码与沟通和其他方面相关的包络线索 言语中的感官品质。这项工作的长期含义是，特定的HL相关损害在 言语和语言处理可归因于外周或中枢神经系统缺陷，这可能 成为治疗干预和修复的目标。