Hearing loss impairs perceptual and neural processing at fast time scales

听力损失会损害快速时间尺度的知觉和神经处理

• 批准号: 9394971
• 负责人: Justin Daniel Yao
• 金额: $ 5.67万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9394971
• 关键词: Auditory; Auditory Psychophysics; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavioral; Brain Stem; Burn injury; Clinical; Communication; Comprehension; Conductive hearing loss; Cues; Desire for food; Detection; Development; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Electrodes; External auditory canal; Frequencies; Gerbils; Goals; Grant; Hearing; Impairment; Implant; Lead; Left; Measures; Modeling; Neuraxis; Neurons; Perception; Performance; Periodicity; Peripheral; Procedures; Psychometrics; Psychophysics; Signal Transduction; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; System; Task Performances; Telemetry; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Training; Wireless Technology; Work; awake; base; behavioral impairment; experience; extracellular; hearing impairment; implantation; language processing; neural correlate; neuromechanism; postnatal; relating to nervous system; response; restoration; sound; speech processing; targeted treatment; temporal measurement

PROJECT SUMMARY Developmental hearing loss (HL) can impair the perception of amplitude modulations (AM), which are the temporal fluctuations of sound level that support speech comprehension, rhythm, prosody, and pitch. In fact, temporal processing for fast AM rates seems to be most vulnerable to HL. One explanation for these perceptual deficits is that developmental HL degrades the neural representation of AM within the auditory system. Thus, this proposal will evaluate HL-related neural and behavioral deficits in fast temporal processing through a systems-level approach. Envelope following responses (EFRs), which reflect peripheral and subcortical generators, will be recorded from normal hearing (NH) and HL-reared gerbils to assess brainstem temporal processing. Extracellular responses will then be obtained telemetrically from core auditory cortex (ACx) neurons as gerbils perform an auditory psychophysical task that assesses AM sensitivity or rate discriminability. The core hypothesis is that developmental conductive HL disrupts cortical AM response magnitude and tuning, especially at fast modulation rates, thereby degrading perceptual sensitivity and temporal resolution, respectively. I will explore this hypothesis with three aims. Specific Aim 1 will determine whether developmental HL leads to deficits in AM detection. Gerbils will be trained on an AM detection task that spans a broad range of AM rates and then subsequently tested across a range of AM depths for a single AM rate. Psychometric performance will be compared between NH and HL groups to evaluate the degree of HL-related deficits. Specific Aim 2 will determine whether developmental HL leads to deficits in AM rate discrimination. The task structure is identical to the AM detection task, with the exception that gerbils are required to discriminate between separate AM rates. Specific Aim 3 will determine whether degraded brainstem or cortical encoding mechanisms could account for developmental HL-related deficits in AM sensitivity (Aim 1) and rate discriminability (Aim 2). First, EFRs will be obtained across AM rates in all gerbils before ACx electrode implantation, and then again after all awake-behaving sessions have been acquired. Gerbils will then be implanted with an electrode array in the left core ACx and cortical responses will be recorded wirelessly during task performance and separate sessions when the gerbils are disengaged from the task. Neural sensitivity across brainstem and cortical levels will be compared within and between NH and HL groups. Together, these aims will further the understanding of the neural mechanisms, and their origins, underlying HL-related deficits that involve encoding envelope cues associated in communication and other perceptual qualities in speech. The long-term implication of this work is that specific HL-related impairments in speech and language processing can be attributed to peripheral or central nervous system deficits, which can be targeted for therapeutic intervention and restoration.

项目摘要 发育听力损失（HL）可能会损害振幅调制的感知（AM），这是 声音水平的时间波动，支持语音理解，节奏，韵律和音调。实际上， 快速AM费率的时间处理似乎最容易受到HL的影响。这些解释 感知赤字是发展性HL降低了AM在听觉中的神经表示 系统。因此，该提案将评估快速时间处理中与HL相关的神经和行为缺陷 通过系统级方法。信封以下响应（EFRS），反映外围和 皮层发电机将从正常听力（NH）和HL饲养的沙鼠中记录以评估脑干 时间处理。然后，将从核心听觉皮层远程获得细胞外反应 （ACX）神经元作为沙鼠执行听觉心理物理任务，以评估AM敏感性或速率 可区分性。核心假设是发育导电HL破坏了皮质AM反应 大小和调整，尤其是在快速调制速率下，从而降低了感知灵敏度和 时间分别分别。我将以三个目标探讨这一假设。具体目标1将决定 发育HL是否导致AM检测缺陷。沙鼠将接受AM检测任务的培训 跨越广泛的AM速率，然后在一个AM深度进行一次测试 AM费率。 NH和HL组之间将比较心理测量表现，以评估 HL相关的缺陷。特定目标2将确定发展性HL是否导致AM率不足 歧视。任务结构与AM检测任务相同，但Gerbils是 区分单独的AM费率所需。特定目标3将决定是否退化 脑干或皮质编码机制可以解释AM中与HL相关的发育相关缺陷 灵敏度（AIM 1）和评分可区分性（AIM 2）。首先，将在所有沙鼠中获得EFRS 在获得所有清醒的会话后，在ACX电极植入之前，然后再次获得。 然后，沙鼠将用电极阵列植入左核ACX，皮质反应将是 在任务执行期间无线录制，当Gerbils与 任务。 NH和HL之间将比较脑干和皮质水平之间的神经敏感性 组。这些目标一起将进一步了解神经机制及其起源 与HL相关的基本缺陷，涉及编码在通信和其他方面相关的信封提示 言语中的感知品质。这项工作的长期影响是特定的HL相关障碍 语音和语言处理可以归因于外围或中枢神经系统缺陷，这可以 针对治疗干预和恢复。