Hearing loss impairs perceptual and neural processing at fast time scales

听力损失会损害快速时间尺度的知觉和神经处理

• 批准号: 9764340
• 负责人: Justin Daniel Yao
• 金额: $ 6.37万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9764340
• 关键词: Auditory; Auditory Psychophysics; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavioral; Brain Stem; Burn injury; Clinical; Communication; Comprehension; Conductive hearing loss; Cues; Desire for food; Detection; Development; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Electrodes; External auditory canal; Frequencies; Gerbils; Goals; Grant; Impairment; Implant; Lead; Left; Measures; Modeling; Neuraxis; Neurons; Perception; Performance; Periodicity; Peripheral; Procedures; Psychometrics; Psychophysics; Signal Transduction; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; System; Task Performances; Telemetry; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Training; Wireless Technology; Work; awake; base; behavioral impairment; congenital hearing loss; experience; extracellular; hearing impairment; implantation; language processing; neural correlate; neuromechanism; normal hearing; postnatal; relating to nervous system; response; restoration; sound; speech processing; targeted treatment; temporal measurement

PROJECT SUMMARY Developmental hearing loss (HL) can impair the perception of amplitude modulations (AM), which are the temporal fluctuations of sound level that support speech comprehension, rhythm, prosody, and pitch. In fact, temporal processing for fast AM rates seems to be most vulnerable to HL. One explanation for these perceptual deficits is that developmental HL degrades the neural representation of AM within the auditory system. Thus, this proposal will evaluate HL-related neural and behavioral deficits in fast temporal processing through a systems-level approach. Envelope following responses (EFRs), which reflect peripheral and subcortical generators, will be recorded from normal hearing (NH) and HL-reared gerbils to assess brainstem temporal processing. Extracellular responses will then be obtained telemetrically from core auditory cortex (ACx) neurons as gerbils perform an auditory psychophysical task that assesses AM sensitivity or rate discriminability. The core hypothesis is that developmental conductive HL disrupts cortical AM response magnitude and tuning, especially at fast modulation rates, thereby degrading perceptual sensitivity and temporal resolution, respectively. I will explore this hypothesis with three aims. Specific Aim 1 will determine whether developmental HL leads to deficits in AM detection. Gerbils will be trained on an AM detection task that spans a broad range of AM rates and then subsequently tested across a range of AM depths for a single AM rate. Psychometric performance will be compared between NH and HL groups to evaluate the degree of HL-related deficits. Specific Aim 2 will determine whether developmental HL leads to deficits in AM rate discrimination. The task structure is identical to the AM detection task, with the exception that gerbils are required to discriminate between separate AM rates. Specific Aim 3 will determine whether degraded brainstem or cortical encoding mechanisms could account for developmental HL-related deficits in AM sensitivity (Aim 1) and rate discriminability (Aim 2). First, EFRs will be obtained across AM rates in all gerbils before ACx electrode implantation, and then again after all awake-behaving sessions have been acquired. Gerbils will then be implanted with an electrode array in the left core ACx and cortical responses will be recorded wirelessly during task performance and separate sessions when the gerbils are disengaged from the task. Neural sensitivity across brainstem and cortical levels will be compared within and between NH and HL groups. Together, these aims will further the understanding of the neural mechanisms, and their origins, underlying HL-related deficits that involve encoding envelope cues associated in communication and other perceptual qualities in speech. The long-term implication of this work is that specific HL-related impairments in speech and language processing can be attributed to peripheral or central nervous system deficits, which can be targeted for therapeutic intervention and restoration.

项目摘要 发育性听力损失（HL）可损害振幅调制（AM）的感知，这是听力损失的主要原因。 支持语音理解、节奏、韵律和音高的声级的时间波动。事实上， 快速AM速率的时间处理似乎最容易受到HL的影响。一种解释是 知觉缺陷是发展性HL降低了听觉内AM的神经表征 系统因此，该建议将评估HL相关的神经和行为缺陷，在快速时间处理 通过系统级的方法。包络跟随响应（EFR），反映外周和 皮层下发生器，将记录正常听力（NH）和HL饲养的沙鼠，以评估脑干 时间处理然后，通过遥测技术从核心听觉皮层获得细胞外反应。 (ACx)沙鼠的神经元执行评估AM敏感性或速率的听觉心理物理任务 可辨别性其核心假设是发育传导性HL干扰皮层AM反应 幅度和调谐，特别是在快速调制速率下，从而降低感知灵敏度， 时间分辨率分别。我将带着三个目的来探讨这个假设。具体目标1将决定 发育性HL是否导致AM检测缺陷。沙鼠将接受AM探测任务的训练 它跨越了广泛的AM速率范围，然后随后在AM深度范围内进行测试， 上午率。将比较NH组和HL组的心理测量表现，以评估 HL相关缺陷。具体目标2将确定发育性HL是否会导致AM率缺陷 歧视任务结构与AM检测任务相同，除了沙鼠是 需要区分不同的AM费率。具体目标3将确定是否降级 脑干或皮层编码机制可以解释AM中HL相关的发育缺陷 灵敏度（Aim 1）和速率辨别性（Aim 2）。首先，将在所有沙鼠的AM速率下获得EFR 在ACx电极植入之前，然后在已经采集所有清醒行为会话之后再次进行。 然后将电极阵列植入沙鼠的左侧核心ACx中，并将皮层反应与电极阵列一起植入。 在任务执行期间和沙鼠脱离时的单独会话期间无线记录 任务将在NH和HL内部和之间比较脑干和皮质水平的神经敏感性 组总之，这些目标将进一步了解神经机制，及其起源， 潜在的HL相关缺陷，涉及编码与沟通和其他 言语中的感知品质。这项工作的长期意义是，特定的HL相关损伤， 言语和语言处理可归因于外周或中枢神经系统缺陷， 成为治疗干预和恢复的目标。