Persistent HIV expression induced type I IFN responses and inflammaging
Persistent HIV expression induced type I IFN responses and inflammaging
批准号:
9750592
负责人:
SURYARAM GUMMULURU
金额:
$73.75万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-08-01 至 2023-04-30
关键词:
Adverse effectsAgeAgingAntiviral AgentsAtherosclerosisAutologousAutomobile DrivingBiologicalBiopsyCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8B1 geneCardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular systemCellsChronicClinicalCoculture TechniquesDNADefectDevelopmentDiseaseElderlyExhibitsFc ReceptorGene ExpressionGenetic TranscriptionHIVHIV InfectionsImmuneImmunologicsIn VitroIndividualInflammagingInflammationInflammation MediatorsInflammatoryInflammatory ResponseInnate Immune ResponseInterferonsInterventionLinkLongitudinal StudiesMacrophage ActivationMalignant NeoplasmsMeasurementMediatingMitochondriaModelingMorbidity - disease rateMyeloid CellsNeurocognitive DeficitNeurologicOlder PopulationOsteoporosisPathogenesisPeripheral Blood Mononuclear CellProcessProductionProspective cohortRNAReceptor CellResidual stateRiskSamplingSecondary toSignal TransductionSignaling ProteinStimulusSuggestionTestingTissuesViralViral reservoirViremiaVirionVirusVirus Inhibitorsage relatedagedaging populationantiretroviral therapycytokineeffector T cellexhaustionexperimental studyfollow-upfunctional disabilityhigh riskimmune activationin vivoinnovationinsightmacrophagemonocytemortalitypreventreceptorreceptor expressionresponsesuccessviral RNAvirology
中文摘要
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英文摘要
ABSTRACT
Despite effective anti-retroviral therapy (cART), HIV-infected individuals remain at an unusually high risk of
morbidity and mortality from HIV-associated non-AIDS (HANA) clinical conditions, such as cardiovascular
disease, neurocognitive decline, and osteoporosis. The excess risk for these age-related diseases is attributed
to the residual immune activation that persists despite cART. Older cART-suppressed HIV-infected individuals
have an even greater risk for these inflammation-driven diseases compared to younger counterparts;; this
suggests a synergistic adverse effect of HIV and advanced age. In our preliminary studies, we observed that
cART-suppressed HIV+ individuals, especially those of older age (≥50), exhibited higher
monocyte/macrophage activation and had greater cell-associated RNA levels (ca-RNA) despite no significant
difference in reservoir size (HIV DNA), suggesting a link between HIV gene expression and monocyte
activation. Importantly, we found that de novo HIV unspliced viral RNA expression alone, even in the absence
of virus particle production, can induce production of type I IFN responses and pro-inflammatory cytokines in
macrophages. In addition, we observed that HIV and aging appear to synergistically advance CD8+ T cell
exhaustion, as defined by increased expression of inhibitory receptors (IRs). Also, co-culture of HIV-infected
macrophages and CD8+ T cells revealed that increased IR expression is mediated, at least in part, by type I
IFNs. Collectively, these preliminary findings support our central hypothesis that the increased HIV unspliced
RNA expression in aged individuals drives type I IFN responses from infected monocytes/macrophages, which
in turn promotes CD8+ T cell exhaustion, causing a loss of virological control, and hence, perpetuating this
HANA-inducing inflammatory cycle. In this study, we propose innovative approaches and sampling from a
prospective cohort of HIV-infected individuals stratified by age and matched by duration of cART compared to
age-matched uninfected individuals to test our hypothesis. In Aim 1 we will determine if expression of
unspliced HIV RNA in macrophages and ageing synergistically enhance type I IFN responses. In Aim 2 we will
determine how age, HIV, and monocyte/macrophage-derived inflammatory responses drive CD8+ T cell
exhaustion. In Aim 3 we will evaluate how age and CD8+ T cell exhaustion contribute to the persistence and
expression of the viral reservoir. We predict that these studies will lead to the identification of the biological
mechanisms that drive HANA diseases despite effective cART. Such insight will be critically important for
development of effective strategies to decrease or reverse the persistent immune activation driving disease
pathogenesis in the growing population of older (≥50 years old) individuals living with HIV.
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依托单位:
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$40.47万
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依托单位:
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