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Flavored e-cigarette use in adolescents: Behavioral, cellular, and epigenetic mechanisms

青少年使用调味电子烟：行为、细胞和表观遗传机制

基本信息

批准号：
9521691
负责人：
Mariella De Biasi
金额：
$ 44.16万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-01 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9521691
关键词：
Acute Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affect Age Aldehydes Area Behavioral Beverages Biochemical Brain Candy Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Cessation of life ChIP-seq Chemical Actions Chemicals Cigarette Clinical Research Complement Complex Consumption Cues Dependence Development Devices Disease Dopamine Dopaminergic Cell Dose Electronic cigarette Electrophysiology (science)Epigenetic Process Ethanol Exclusion Experimental Models Exposure to Familiarity Food Fostering Fruit Genes Goals High School Student Histones Human Inhalation Injections Investigation Lead Life Liquid substance Mass Spectrum Analysis Measures Menthol Modeling Modification Molecular Monitor Mus Neurons Nicotine Nicotine Dependence Oral Pathway interactions Periodicity Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacologic Actions Post-Translational Protein Processing Predisposition Property Rewards Risk Self Administration Sensory Series Stimulus Sucrose System Techniques Teenagers Testing Tobacco Weather addiction awake behavioral study dopaminergic neuron electronic cigarette use experience experimental study genetic approach histone modification in vivo interest junior high school neuroadaptation nicotine abuse nicotine exposure nicotine seeking behavior nicotine use nicotine vapor pre-clinical preclinical study preference response reward circuitry sensory input soft drink transcriptome vaping vapor young adult

项目摘要

E-cigarettes are increasingly used by teenagers, who are particularly vulnerable to the addictive properties of nicotine. With the exclusion of menthol, the use of flavor additives has been banned from traditional cigarettes, while e-cigarettes are marketed in over 7,000 different flavors. Many of those flavors are found in candy and popular soft drinks and, because they are familiar, make e-cigarettes more appealing to adolescents. We hypothesize that flavorants enhance nicotine reward through sensory and/or natural reward mechanisms. As a consequence, flavored e-cigarettes may promote nicotine experimentation, dependence, and eventually, the use of regular cigarettes. Understanding how flavors influence e-cigarette use is important for the implementation of regulatory rules that can reduce potential disease and death deriving from the consumption of this increasingly popular tobacco product. The goal of this application is to compare the rewarding and reinforcing properties of flavored vs. non-flavored e-cigarettes in adolescent mice. Our hypothesis is that flavored e-cigarettes are more rewarding than non-flavored e-cigarettes, and that flavor additives promote and sustain nicotine seeking in adolescents. The first goal is to determine whether sweet flavorants enhance adolescent nicotine reward and promote nicotine self-administration. The second goal is to investigate the possibility that a learned flavor preference, which models exposure to sweetened food and beverages at a young age, will further enhance flavor-induced nicotine reward and self-administration. Finally, we will determine whether exposure to flavored e-cigarettes at young age increases the risk of nicotine abuse in adulthood. These behavioral experiments will be complemented by a series of molecular investigations. First, we will employ in vivo tetrode recording to measure changes in dopamine neuron firing during exposure to flavored and non-flavored e-cig nicotine vapor. Second, we will utilize in vivo voltammetry techniques to quantitatively measure dopamine release in the NAc in response to inhalation of flavored vs.unflavored e-cigarette vapors. Third, we will utilize state-of-the art approaches to determine whether e-cigarette nicotine vapor changes the epigenetic landscape of reward- associated brain areas, and weather fruit flavorants have additive or synergistic effects.

越来越多的青少年使用电子烟，他们特别容易上瘾