Electronic Cigarette Use During Pregnancy

怀孕期间使用电子烟

• 批准号: 9509380
• 负责人: Cheryl A Oncken
• 金额: $ 62.11万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-16 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9509380
• 关键词: 1-Butanol; Abstinence; Benefits and Risks; Biological Markers; Birth; Birth Weight; Butanones; C-reactive protein; Carbon Monoxide; Carcinogen exposure; Carcinogens; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Cotinine; Counseling; Data; Electronic cigarette; Exhalation; Formaldehyde; Gestational Age; Infant; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Intake; Intercellular Adhesion Molecules; Link; Low Birth Weight Infant; Malignant Childhood Neoplasm; Maternal and Child Health; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Modality; Nicotine; Nitrosamines; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Positioning Attribute; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Process Measure; Prospective cohort study; Public Health; Risk; Serum; Smoke; Smoking; Spontaneous abortion; Surveys; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Associated Carcinogen; Toxic effect; Toxicant exposure; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Urine; Woman; alpha Toxin; cigarette smoking; cigarette user; electronic cigarette use; electronic cigarette user; fetal; improved; inflammatory marker; maternal cigarette smoking; neurotoxicity; nicotine exposure; non-smoker; pregnant; quitline; recruit; reproductive; smoking cessation; smoking during pregnancy; tobacco use in pregnancy; toxicant

Abstract: Electronic cigarettes are rapidly becoming popular as a substitute for cigarette smoking and as an adjunct for smoking cessation. Unfortunately, little is known about use of these new tobacco products in pregnant women. Although the best option would be for pregnant women to stop using tobacco products entirely, a central question for women who do not quit smoking is “Are electronic cigarettes a net benefit or harm in terms of toxicant exposure and birth outcomes?” Because electronic cigarettes do not burn tobacco, they may reduce carbon monoxide (CO) exposure (a toxin that may contribute to low birth weight and neurotoxicity) and carcinogen exposure, which has been linked to low birth weight and childhood cancer. However, a concern exists that electronic cigarettes may present risks in pregnancy that match or exceed those of cigarette smoking such as increased nicotine exposure (particularly in dual users), and an increase formaldehyde exposure, which has been linked to adverse reproductive outcomes in nonsmokers. We will recruit 125 pregnant smokers and 250 pregnant electronic cigarette users (125 women who use e- cigs exclusively during pregnancy, and 125 dual users). We will advise women to stop all tobacco use, and provide written materials and quitline referrals. Maternal toxicant exposure levels of the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), formaldehyde, and cotinine (major metabolite of nicotine) will be obtained throughout pregnancy and infant levels of NNAL and cotinine will be obtained at the time of delivery. We will also obtain data on birth weight, gestational age, and other reproductive outcomes. Our primary objective is to compare toxicant exposure in pregnant women who use electronic cigarettes compared to women who smoke conventional cigarettes. We hypothesize that women who smoke conventional cigarettes exclusively will have higher NNAL and cotinine concentrations throughout pregnancy and at delivery than electronic cigarette users. We will also explore differences in urine formaldehyde levels. Another primary objective is to examine the impact of conventional cigarettes compared to electronic cigarettes on birth weight. We hypothesize that infants born to exclusive conventional cigarette smokers will have lower birth weights than those of electronic cigarette users. We will also examine mechanisms by which conventional and electronic cigarettes could impact birth weight and other reproductive outcomes using toxicant biomarkers as well as biomarkers of inflammation. Results from this project can be used to better inform clinicians who may be in a position to counsel pregnant women about the potential effects of electronic cigarette use during pregnancy.

摘要： 电子烟作为吸烟的替代品和附属品迅速流行起来 为了戒烟。不幸的是，人们对这些新烟草产品在孕妇身上的使用知之甚少 女人。尽管最好的选择是让孕妇完全停止使用烟草产品，但 对于那些不戒烟的女性来说，中心问题是“电子烟到底是有益还是有害？” 毒物暴露和出生结局的关系吗？“因为电子烟不会燃烧烟草，所以它们可能会减少 接触一氧化碳(一种可能导致低出生体重和神经毒性的毒素)和 致癌物质暴露，这与低出生体重和儿童癌症有关。然而，一个令人担忧的问题 存在电子烟可能带来的怀孕风险与香烟相当或超过香烟的风险 吸烟，如尼古丁暴露增加(特别是在双重吸烟者中)和甲醛增加 暴露，这与非吸烟者的不良生殖后果有关。 我们将招募125名怀孕吸烟者和250名怀孕电子烟使用者(125名使用电子烟的女性)。 仅在怀孕期间使用CIG，以及125个双重用户)。我们将建议女性停止所有烟草使用，以及 提供书面材料和离线推荐。孕妇烟草特有的毒物暴露水平 致癌物质4-(甲基亚硝基)-1-(3-吡啶)-1-丁醇(NNAL)、甲醛和可替宁(主要 尼古丁的代谢物)将在整个怀孕期间获得，婴儿的NNAL和可替宁水平将是 交货时取得的。我们还将获得出生体重、胎龄和其他数据 生殖结果。 我们的主要目标是比较使用电子烟的孕妇的毒物暴露情况。 与抽传统香烟的女性相比。我们假设吸烟的女性 传统香烟在整个怀孕期间都会有更高的NNAL和可替宁浓度 而且在送货时比电子烟使用者更多。我们还将探索尿液甲醛水平的差异。 另一个主要目标是检查传统香烟与电子香烟相比的影响。 出生体重。我们假设，只吸烟者所生的婴儿的死亡率会更低。 出生体重比电子烟使用者的出生体重还要重。我们还将研究传统的 使用有毒生物标志物，电子烟可能会影响出生体重和其他生殖结果 以及炎症的生物标志物。 这个项目的结果可以用来更好地向可能有能力提供咨询的临床医生提供信息 关于孕妇在怀孕期间使用电子烟的潜在影响。