Binocular Coordination of Eye Movements

眼球运动的双眼协调

• 批准号: 9896182
• 负责人: VALLABH E DAS
• 金额: $ 38.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9896182
• 关键词: 4 year old; Acoustic Stimulation; Address; Adolescent; Affect; Animal Model; Animals; Auditory; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Binocular Vision; Brain; Cells; Characteristics; Child; Choice Behavior; Clinical; Comparative Study; Data; Development; Environment; Eye; Eye Development; Eye Movements; Feedback; Human; Infant; Investigation; Left; Life; Location; Macaca mulatta; Methods; Mind; Modeling; Monkeys; Motivation; Motor; Muscle; Neurons; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Patients; Pattern; Peripheral; Photic Stimulation; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Procedures; Property; Proprioception; Reporting; Research; Retina; Rhesus; Role; Saccades; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Strabismus; System; Testing; Trigeminal nerve structure; United States; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Work; auditory stimulus; base; critical period; developmental disease; experience; experimental study; gaze; infancy; insight; multisensory; neural circuit; nonhuman primate; novel; oculomotor; orbit muscle; preference; programs; relating to nervous system; response; sample fixation; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; vector; visual information; visual stimulus

ABSTRACT Developmental strabismus (ocular misalignment) remains one of the most prevalent clinical problems related to the visual-oculomotor system in children. In addition to horizontal eye misalignment, a host of other oculomotor disturbances are associated with strabismus and despite considerable work, the mechanisms underlying some of the unique oculomotor properties associated with the condition are unknown. In aims 1 and 2 of this proposal, we focus on addressing how strabismic subjects orient their eyes to visual and non-visual target stimuli within their environment. This is especially interesting in the strabismic subjects because of their ability to choose either of their eyes to acquire the target. Fixation preference is thought to be driven by visual suppression of information from portions of the retina. However, eye movements are also made to acquire non- visual (eg: auditory) targets. What happens to fixation preference and fixation-switching behavior in strabismus when no visual stimulus is available? Aim 1 involves comparative studies of fixation switch and fixation preference when the stimulus to the strabismic animal is either visual or auditory. In aim 2, we propose single unit recording studies of neurons in the superior colliculus (SC) to determine their role in fixation-switch behavior in response to the visual or auditory stimuli. The SC is chosen as the target of investigation because of its reported role in target selection and its role in orienting to visual and auditory stimuli and in multisensory integration. Aim1 and Aim 2 studies will be performed in juvenile rhesus non-human primates previously induced with a sensory form of strabismus by rearing them under special viewing conditions (optical prism rearing) for the first four months of their life. In Aim 3, we propose to develop a new non-human primate strabismus model that utilizes loss of eye muscle proprioception due to sectioning of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve in infancy. The motivation to develop a new model is that despite considerable work, the mechanisms underlying the development of strabismus, especially in those patients where there is no obvious loss of binocular vision or extraocular muscle disruption, are unknown. Our hypothesis is that intact eye muscle proprioception is also needed for development of proper ocular alignment. We will investigate the longitudinal development of eye alignment in these animals and compare proprioceptive loss strabismus to that occurring due to loss of binocular vision (optical prism strabismus). In summary, each of the specific aims in this project is likely to significantly advance our understanding of strabismus mechanisms and the neural circuitry underlying some of its properties. Moreover, this project has the potential to help guide the development of rationally based therapies.

摘要 发育性斜视（眼位不正）仍然是最普遍的临床问题之一， 对儿童视觉系统的影响除了水平眼错位之外， 眼球运动障碍与斜视有关，尽管做了大量的工作， 与该病症相关的一些独特的眼科性质的基础是未知的。在目标1和 在这个建议的第2部分，我们着重于解决斜视患者如何将他们的眼睛定向到视觉和非视觉 在他们的环境中寻找刺激。这在斜视患者中尤其有趣，因为他们 选择其中一只眼睛来获取目标的能力。固视偏好被认为是由视觉驱动的 抑制来自视网膜部分的信息。然而，眼球运动也是为了获得非- 视觉（如听觉）目标。斜视患者的注视偏好和注视转换行为发生了什么变化 在没有视觉刺激的情况下目的1是对注视转换和注视的比较研究 当刺激斜视动物是视觉或听觉时的偏好。在目标2中，我们提出单一 对上级丘（SC）神经元的单位记录研究，以确定其在注视转换中的作用 对视觉或听觉刺激的反应。选择供应链作为调查目标，因为 它在目标选择中的作用，在视觉和听觉刺激的定向中的作用，以及在多感官刺激中的作用， 一体化Aim 1和Aim 2研究之前将在幼年恒河猴非人灵长类动物中进行 通过在特殊的观察条件下（光学棱镜）饲养它们而导致感觉形式的斜视 四个月前，他们的生活。在目标3中，我们建议开发一种新的非人灵长类动物 斜视模型，其利用由于眼部的切片导致的眼肌本体感觉的丧失， 婴儿时期的三叉神经开发新模型的动机是，尽管做了大量工作， 斜视发展的潜在机制，特别是在那些没有明显斜视的患者中， 双眼视力丧失或眼外肌断裂，尚不清楚。我们的假设是完好的眼肌 本体感觉也是发展适当的眼睛对准所需要的。我们将调查纵向 在这些动物中的眼睛对准的发展，并比较本体感觉丧失斜视与发生的斜视。 由于丧失双眼视觉（光学棱镜斜视）。总之，本项目的每一个具体目标 很可能会大大推进我们对斜视机制和神经回路的理解 它的一些特性。此外，该项目有可能帮助指导 基于理性的治疗