Functions of the thalamus in attention and perception

丘脑在注意力和感知方面的功能

• 批准号: 9899995
• 负责人: SABINE KASTNER
• 金额: $ 41.01万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9899995
• 关键词: Anatomy; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attentional deficit; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding; Cell Nucleus; Cell physiology; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Data; Decision Making; Dorsal; Electrophysiology (science); Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Grant; Health; Human; Impairment; Individual; Inferior; Investigation; Lateral; Lesion; Macaca; Medial; Memory; Mental disorders; Methods; Microelectrodes; Monkeys; Neurons; Output; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pattern; Perception; Population; Population Dynamics; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Property; Public Health; Pulvinar structure; Research; Resolution; Role; Schizophrenia; Site; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stroke; Techniques; Thalamic Nuclei; Thalamic structure; Time; Training; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visuospatial; Work; area V4; attentional control; attentional modulation; behavior measurement; cell type; cognitive ability; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive process; directed attention; effective therapy; extrastriate visual cortex; innovation; multimodality; neglect; nervous system disorder; neural correlate; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; operation; post stroke; relating to nervous system; response; selective attention; sensory cortex; transmission process; treatment strategy

The visual thalamus has been extensively studied in terms of its anatomical organization, connectivity patterns, and basic neural response properties. However, its role in perception and cognition has remained poorly understood. The present application is a competing renewal submission for our grant “Functions of the thalamus in perception and cognition” (RO1-EY017699). Work during the previous funding period has (i) characterized the topographic organization and functional response properties of the human pulvinar using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and (ii) defined a functional role of the macaque pulvinar in spatial selective attention using simultaneous multi-site recordings. The present application extends this work to investigate a causal role for the macaque pulvinar in attentional control. The pulvinar is the largest nucleus in the primate thalamus and is considered a higher-order thalamic nucleus, because it forms input- output loops almost exclusively with the cortex. From an anatomical perspective, the pulvinar is ideally positioned to regulate the transmission of information to the cortex and between cortical areas to influence perceptual and cognitive processes. Evidence from lesion studies in humans and monkeys demonstrate a critical involvement of the pulvinar in a number of fundamental cognitive functions, including orienting responses and the exploration of visual space, the filtering of unwanted information, and visually-guided behavior. Our studies during the last funding cycle have begun to establish neural correlates that may underlie some of these cognitive functions. We showed that the indirect pulvino-cortical connectivity appears to facilitate information transfer between areas in visual cortex. The proposed project will extend this work by probing the hypothesis that the pulvinar is an integral subcortical part of a large-scale attentional control network. Using a multi-modal methods approach that includes simultaneous multi-site recordings, neuroimaging, and reversible inactivation in monkeys trained on an Eriksen flanker task, we will pursue three specific aims. First, we will systematically characterize attentional modulation and functional interactions across pulvinar subdivisions by simultaneously recording from dozens of single- and multi-units using linear microelectrode arrays. Second, we will probe the idea that the pulvinar coordinates interactions within the fronto-parietal attention control network, thus acting as a temporal coordinator, by simultaneously recording from FEF, LIP and their interconnected projection zone in dorsal pulvinar. And third, we will probe a causal role for the pulvinar in attentional control. By reversibly inactivating dorsal pulvinar under MR-guidance and performing simultaneous recordings from FEF and LIP in our spatial attention task we will investigate local effects and interactions across the fronto- parietal network in relation to behavior. The significance of the proposed research is that it will further our understanding of the functions of thalamo-cortical interactions in perception and cognition using an innovative approach that combines cutting edge neuroimaging techniques with intracranial electrophysiology.

视觉丘脑的解剖结构、连接模式、 和基本的神经反应特性然而，它在感知和认知中的作用仍然很差 明白目前的申请是一个竞争更新提交我们的赠款“的职能， 丘脑在知觉和认知中的作用”（RO 1-EY 017699）。上一个供资期间的工作（一） 特征的地形组织和功能反应特性的人枕使用 高分辨率功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和（ii）定义猕猴的功能作用 枕在空间选择性注意使用同时多站点记录。本申请延伸 本研究旨在探讨猕猴枕在注意力控制中的因果作用。枕是最大的 在灵长类动物丘脑的核，被认为是一个高级丘脑核，因为它形成输入- 输出回路几乎只与皮质相连从解剖学的角度来看，枕是理想的 定位于调节信息到皮质以及皮质区域之间的传输以影响 感知和认知过程。人类和猴子病变研究的证据表明， 枕的关键参与了一些基本的认知功能，包括定向 反应和视觉空间的探索，过滤不需要的信息，以及视觉引导 行为我们在上一个资助周期的研究已经开始建立神经相关性， 一些认知功能。我们发现枕-皮质的间接连接似乎有助于 视觉皮层区域之间的信息传递。拟议的项目将通过探索 这一假说认为枕是一个大规模的注意力控制网络的皮质下组成部分。使用 多模式方法，包括同时多部位记录、神经成像和可逆性 在接受埃里克森侧翼任务训练的猴子中，我们将追求三个具体目标。一是 通过以下方法系统地表征枕区各亚区注意力调节和功能相互作用， 使用线性微电极阵列同时记录数十个单和多单元。二是 将探讨枕协调额顶叶注意力控制网络内的相互作用的想法， 从而充当时间协调器，通过同时记录来自FEF、LIP及其互连的 枕背侧投射区。第三，我们将探讨枕在注意力控制中的因果作用。 通过在MR引导下可逆性失活背枕， FEF和LIP在我们的空间注意力任务中，我们将研究局部效应和跨额叶的相互作用， 顶叶网络与行为的关系这项研究的意义在于，它将进一步推动我们的 理解丘脑-皮层相互作用在知觉和认知中的功能， 该方法结合了尖端神经成像技术和颅内电生理学。