PRE-AND POSTGRADUATE TRAINING IN MOLECULAR HEMATOLOGY

分子血液学学前和研究生培训

• 批准号: 9918435
• 负责人: Stephen Tracy Oh
• 金额: $ 38.63万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1975
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1975-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9918435
• 关键词: Training; molecular hematology

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although advances in hematology have led the way in many fields of basic and translational biomedical research, hematologic diseases remain major threats to public health. For example, the prognosis for many hematologic malignancies continues to be poor. Current treatments are inadequate to support a normal lifestyle for most patients with for sickle cell disease. In the U.S., at least 500,000 venous thromboembolic events, 1.1 million heart attacks and 150,000 stroke deaths occur each year. At the same time, the opportunities for hematology research have never been more promising, and converting these opportunities into medical advances will depend upon training the next generation of basic and translational hematology researchers. The Molecular Hematology training program proposes to fill this need for 5 predoctoral and 8 postdoctoral trainees per year. Predoctoral Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. students follow the curriculum of the Washington University graduate school. After passing their qualifying examination, they enter the laboratory of participating faculty Mentors (currently 27) for 3-4 years of laboratory research to complete their dissertation. Postdoctoral Ph.D. trainees from around the world apply to participating laboratories; postdoctoral M.D. and M.D./Ph.D. trainees usually have completed the clinical training component of a Hematology-Oncology fellowship program at Washington University or elsewhere. The duration of postdoctoral training depends on prior experience. Those with Ph.D. or M.D./Ph.D. degrees typically conduct research for 2-3 years before transitioning to an independent research position, whereas those with an M.D. degree may benefit from 3-4 years of postdoctoral training. Trainees receive intensive mentoring and career counseling, and participate in coursework, journal clubs, and seminars. The major facilities of the program consist of 55,000 square feet of fully-equipped laboratory space that house the Divisions of Hematology and Oncology, as well as extensive institutional resources for genome sequencing, crystallography, computational biology, animal studies, and patient-oriented clinical research. The research topics available to trainees reflect the multidisciplinary expertise of the participating Mentors and include: pathogenesis of hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders; regulation of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis; gene therapy of hemophilia and lysosomal storage diseases; phosphoinositide metabolism and cell signaling pathways; mechanisms of hematopoiesis; telomerase defects in bone marrow failure syndromes; molecular basis for protein trafficking in mammalian cells; role of platelets and angiogenesis in metastasis; biology of human immunodeficiency and leukemia viruses; epithelial morphogenesis; pathogenesis of leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and congenital neutropenia; cell cycle control; programmed cell death in development and malignancy. Completion of this program will prepare talented trainees for careers in basic and translational hematology research, to make discoveries that will transform the diagnosis and treatment of hematologic diseases. (End of Abstract)

 描述（由申请人提供）：尽管血液学的进步在基础和转化生物医学研究的许多领域中处于领先地位，但血液病仍然是公共卫生的主要威胁。例如，许多恶性血液病的预后仍然很差。目前的治疗不足以支持大多数镰状细胞病患者的正常生活方式。在美国，每年至少发生500，000起静脉血栓栓塞事件、110万起心脏病发作和150，000起中风死亡。与此同时，血液学研究的机会从未如此充满希望，将这些机会转化为医学进步将取决于培养下一代基础和翻译血液学研究人员。分子血液学培训计划建议每年为5名博士前和8名博士后学员填补这一需求。博士预科M.D.博士学生遵循华盛顿大学研究生院的课程。通过资格考试后，他们进入参与教师导师（目前27）的实验室进行3-4年的实验室研究，以完成他们的论文。 博士后来自世界各地的学员申请参与实验室;博士后M.D.博士受训者通常已经完成了华盛顿大学或其他地方的血液学-肿瘤学奖学金计划的临床培训部分。博士后培训的持续时间取决于以前的经验。那些有博士学位的人或医学博士/博士在过渡到独立的研究职位之前，拥有医学博士学位的人通常会进行2-3年的研究，而那些拥有医学博士学位的人则会进行研究。学位可能受益于3-4年的博士后培训。学员接受密集的指导和职业咨询，并参加课程，期刊俱乐部和研讨会。该计划的主要设施包括55，000平方英尺的设备齐全的实验室空间，容纳血液学和肿瘤学部门，以及广泛的机构资源，用于基因组测序，晶体学，计算生物学，动物研究和以患者为导向的临床研究。提供给学员的研究课题反映了参与导师的多学科专业知识，包括：出血性和血栓性疾病的发病机制;血液凝固和纤维蛋白溶解的调节;血友病和溶酶体储存病的基因治疗;磷酸肌醇代谢和细胞信号通路;造血机制;骨髓衰竭综合征中的端粒酶缺陷;哺乳动物细胞中蛋白质运输的分子基础;血小板和血管生成在转移中的作用;人类免疫缺陷和白血病病毒的生物学;上皮形态发生;白血病、骨髓增生异常综合征、骨髓增生性肿瘤和先天性中性粒细胞减少症的发病机制;细胞周期控制;发育和恶性肿瘤中的程序性细胞死亡。该计划的完成将为基础和转化血液学研究的职业生涯做好准备，以发现将改变血液病的诊断和治疗。(End摘要）