Changes across the lifespan in the use of heuristics to guide decision-making

使用启发式方法指导决策的整个生命周期的变化

• 批准号: 9922203
• 负责人: Michele A Basso
• 金额: $ 75.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9922203
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Model; Attention; Bayesian Analysis; Behavior; Behavioral Model; Brain; Cognitive; Data; Decision Making; Degenerative Disorder; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Economics; Elderly; Evaluation; Foundations; Future; Health; Human; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Injections; Laboratories; Learning; Lewy Body Dementia; Lewy Body Variant of Alzheimer' s Disease; Longevity; Modeling; Monkeys; Motivation; Motor; Nerve Degeneration; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuropharmacology; Outcome; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson' s Dementia; Performance; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Research; Rewards; Risk; Scientific Inquiry; Sensory; Tauopathies; Testing; Time; TimeLine; Variant; Visual; Work; age related; age related neurodegeneration; aged; alpha synuclein; base; design; experimental study; falls; heuristics; human disease; knowledge base; millisecond; model development; neural circuit; neurochemistry; neuronal circuitry; novel; processing speed; relating to nervous system; sensory neuroscience; sound; synuclein; synucleinopathy; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Decision-making operates over vastly different temporal scales. Although perceiving a sound requires information gathered over a time span of just milliseconds, deciding whom to marry may require years. Decision- makers also change over time. As we age, our perceptual and motor processing abilities change but also our knowledge base, our motivations and our comfort with risk change, all factors that contribute to our decisions. Recent work indicates that older adults may rely more on heuristics to inform their decisions, compared to younger adults. Conversely, we recently discovered that people with Parkinson’s disease, one of several related neurodegenerative proteinopathies falling along a continuum of alpha-synuclein and tauopathy that includes Alzheimer’s disease and variants of these two diseases, are impaired in the use of previously learned information (priors or heuristics) to guide perceptual decisions. Together these results indicate that the ability to use prior information for decisions changes over the lifespan and with diseases associated with aging. It is unknown how the use of priors or heuristics for perceptual decision-making develops or changes over the lifespan. It is equally unknown how the ability to use heuristics for decision-making is impaired with aging or neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, we propose to develop a novel animal model of decision-making behavior over the lifespan to test the hypothesis that the use of heuristics for decision-making differs between young and old and those with age-related proteinopathy and neurodegeneration. The results of our proposed experiments will provide a timeline of decision-making changes in a novel animal model of aging in health and disease. The results will provide the groundwork for future experiments designed to unravel the neural circuitry and neuropharmacology underlying decision-making changes over the lifespan and with age-related proteinopathies along the synuclein- tauopahy continuum, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and variants of these diseases, and thus facilitate the development of novel treatments for cognitive impairment associated with these diseases.

项目概要 决策在截然不同的时间尺度上进行。尽管感知声音需要 在短短几毫秒的时间内收集到的信息，决定与谁结婚可能需要数年时间。决定- 制造商也会随着时间而改变。随着年龄的增长，我们的感知和运动处理能力会发生变化，但我们的认知能力也会发生变化。 知识基础、我们的动机以及我们对风险变化的适应度，所有影响我们决策的因素。 最近的研究表明，与其他人相比，老年人可能更多地依赖启发法来做出决定 年轻的成年人。相反，我们最近发现患有帕金森病（几种相关疾病之一）的人 神经退行性蛋白质病属于 α-突触核蛋白和 tau 蛋白病的连续体，包括 阿尔茨海默病以及这两种疾病的变体在使用先前学到的信息方面受到损害 （先验或启发式）来指导感知决策。这些结果共同表明，使用先前的能力 生命周期以及与衰老相关的疾病的决策变化信息。未知如何 使用先验或启发式进行感知决策会随着生命周期的发展或变化。是同样的 未知使用启发式决策的能力如何因衰老或神经退行性疾病而受损 疾病。因此，我们建议开发一种新的终生决策行为动物模型 检验以下假设：年轻人和老年人在决策中使用启发式方法有所不同 与年龄相关的蛋白质病和神经变性。我们提出的实验结果将提供 健康和疾病衰老的新型动物模型中决策变化的时间表。结果将 为未来旨在解开神经回路和神经药理学的实验提供基础 生命周期中潜在的决策变化以及与突触核蛋白相关的年龄相关蛋白病 tauopahy 连续体，包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病以及这些疾病的变体，以及 从而促进与这些疾病相关的认知障碍的新疗法的开发。