Optimizing Hookah Tobacco Public Education Messages to Reduce Young Adult Use

Hookah项目概要（即，水烟、水烟、水烟）是最常用的烟草之一 美国年轻人的产品。水烟使使用者暴露于高水平的致癌物质和其他有害物质中。 有害毒物，可导致成瘾，并与癌症和其他负面健康结果有关。 尽管有这样的证据，年轻人并不认为水烟有害或上瘾，相信间歇性的社会使用 几乎没有风险，而且像调味品这样吸引人的产品特性有助于在这一人群中越来越多地使用。的 美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的推定规则使FDA能够参与公共教育信息传递 以年轻人为目标，纠正普遍存在的对水烟的误解， 调味品我们的研究表明，传达水烟危害和上瘾的信息可以激励 年轻成人水烟使用者的戒烟和减少易感的非使用者使用水烟的意图。超出 这项研究，不幸的是，很少有证据表明如何优化设计水烟公共教育 针对年轻人的信息。本研究旨在确定最佳水烟公众教育信息 4个主题内的内容（健康危害、成瘾、社会用途、调味品），并通过 严格的多方法方法。我们将部署心理生理学措施， 加工，食欲和厌恶情绪反应，并在当地招募的样本，以确定注意 最佳地参与对信息功效至关重要的生理过程的信息内容。我们将 我还使用有效的自我报告信息测量方法，在一个大型众包样本中测试这些信息。 参与度、接受度、情绪反应和水烟信念。此过程将确定最佳消息 四个主题中的每一个。然后，我们将测试信息的影响，前瞻性地在年轻的成人水烟 在一项随机试验中，吸烟者和易受水烟影响的非吸烟者。招募的参与者 将完成基线测量，并随机分为两组： 水烟公共教育信息或控制。参与者在消息手臂将收到每周水烟 4周的教育信息，并将完成对信息接受性，参与度， 和水烟相关的结果。对照组受试者每周将收到与烟草无关的信息， 并将完成相同的每周措施。行为结果和假设的信息中介 将在暴露期后1个月、3个月和6个月重新评估影响。这项研究将填补一个关键的空白， 通过展示如何最佳设计水烟烟草公共教育来进行烟草监管研究 针对年轻人的信息，并前瞻性地测试其功效。这一证据对于告知 FDA的公众教育活动，以及我们严格的多方法方法提供的数据，以满足FDA的要求 根据其对烟草使用者和非使用者的影响制定监管措施， 其对个人和人群水平结果的影响。

Project Summary Hookah (i.e., shisha, narghile, waterpipe) is one of the most commonly used tobacco products among US young adults. Hookah tobacco exposes users to high levels of carcinogens and other harmful toxicants, can lead to addiction, and is associated with cancer and other negative health outcomes. Despite this evidence, young adults do not view hookah as harmful or addictive, believe intermittent social use poses few risks, and appealing product features like flavorings contribute to growing use in this population. The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) deeming rule positions FDA to engage in public education messaging targeting young adults to correct pervasive misbeliefs about hookah and offset the influence of appealing flavorings. Our research indicates messages conveying harms and addictiveness of hookah can motivate cessation in young adult hookah users and reduce susceptible non-users' intentions to use hookah. Beyond this research, there is unfortunately little evidence on how to optimally design hookah public education messages targeting young adults. This study aims to identify optimal hookah public education message content within 4 themes (Health Harms, Addiction, Social Use, Flavoring) and test message effects through a rigorous, multi-method approach. We will deploy psychophysiological measures capturing cognitive processing, appetitive and aversive emotional response, and attention in a locally-recruited sample to identify message content that optimally engages physiological processes that are crucial to message efficacy. We will also test the messages in a large crowdsourced sample using valid self-report measures of message engagement, receptivity, emotional response, and hookah beliefs. This process will identify optimal message content within each of the 4 themes. We will then test message effects prospectively in young adult hookah tobacco users and non-users who are susceptible to hookah use in a randomized trial. Participants recruited from a national consumer research panel will complete baseline measures and be randomized to two arms: hookah public education messaging or control. Participants in the messaging arm will receive weekly hookah education messages for 4 weeks and will complete brief assessments of message receptivity, engagement, and hookah-related outcomes. Control arm participants will receive weekly messages unrelated to tobacco, and will complete the same weekly measures. Behavioral outcomes and hypothesized mediators of message effects will be re-assessed 1-, 3-, and 6-months after the exposure period. This study will fill a critical gap in the tobacco regulatory research by demonstrating how to optimally design hookah tobacco public education messages targeting young adults and testing their efficacy prospectively. This evidence is crucial to inform FDA public education activities, and our rigorous multi-method approach provides data to meet FDA's mandate to shape regulatory measures based on their effects on tobacco users and non-users, and by understanding their effect on individual- and population-level outcomes.