Fine-resolution mapping of micro vasculature after placental transport of acoustic nanodrops

项目摘要/摘要 发育生物学中的一个基本问题是，特定的fic分子和遗传途径如何控制更多的基因。 胚胎发育过程中的光合作用。最近的研究表明，许多相同的分子和 影响器官发生的遗传途径也参与了血管发育和花纹形成。 成骨作用。一个主要的挑战是开发快速、活体的小鼠胚胎成像方法，以提供 用fiNe分辨率分析器官和血管构型。 这项建议的目标是建立通过平板运输声学纳米滴(NDS)的可行性。 为了用超分辨率、平面波超声绘制子宫内胚胎小鼠的血管构筑图 成像。根据fl，可通过声学激发蒸发碳氮化合物，并将其转化为气体fi声学。 造影剂。汽化后，NDS的尺寸达到1米左右，并在 超声波图。我们将制定不同大小、不同电荷和每fl碳芯的钕成分。我们会 评估fl荧光ND成分，以确定在将哪些ND注射到母鼠尾静脉后， 通过胎盘进入胚胎循环，选择最有希望的成分 fi的大小和运输效率。我们将量化选定的NDS汽化的声压。 就汽化阈值而言，最有希望的ND将被注射到小鼠的母体尾静脉中 而且，在进入胚胎循环后，NDS将被声脉冲激活。平面波UL- 然后，将利用超声波和超分辨率方法在fiNe空间检测和定位激活的NDS 以及在胚胎循环中移动时的时间分辨率。血管标测的可行性 将对单个飞机进行评估。因为这种方法依赖于跟踪点目标，所以可以 分辨率约为20m，远小于18 MHz线阵ACCU的横向波束宽度。 Ticfield.激活已通过胎盘的NDS并在子宫内执行非侵入性操作的能力 对比增强成像有很高的潜力来彻底改变我们研究器官发生和血管生成的方式 在广泛使用的正常和异常胚胎发育模型中。

Project Summary/Abstract A fundamental question in developmental biology is how specific molecules and genetic pathways control mor- phogenesis during embryonic development. Recent studies have shown that many of the same molecules and genetic pathways affecting organogenesis are also involved in vascular development and patterning during an- giogenesis. A major challenge is to develop rapid, in vivo mouse-embryo imaging methods that provide the ability to analyze organ and vascular patterning with fine resolution. The goal of this proposal is to establish the feasibility of transporting acoustic nanodrops (NDs) through the pla- centa in order to map vasculature of the embryonic mouse, in utero, with super-resolution, plane-wave ultrasonic imaging. Perfluorocarbon NDs can be vaporized by an acoustic excitation and converted to gas filled acoustic contrast agents. After vaporization, the NDs reach a size on the order of 1 m and appear as bright points in an ultrasound image. We will formulate ND compositions of different size, charge and perfluorocarbon core. We will evaluate fluorescent ND compositions to determine which NDs, after injection into the maternal mouse tail vein, pass through the placenta into the embryonic circulation and select the most promising composition in terms of size and transport efficiency. We will quantify the acoustic pressures at which the selected NDs vaporize. The most promising ND in terms of vaporization threshold will be injected into the maternal tail vein of a mouse and, after entering the embryonic circulation, the NDs will be activated with an acoustic pulse. Plane-wave ul- trasound and super-resolution methods will then be utilized to detect and localize activated NDs at fine-spatial and -temporal resolution as they move through the embryonic circulation. Feasibility of vascular mapping in a single plane will be evaluated. Because this approach relies on tracking point targets, the length scale that can be resolved, on the order of 20 m, is much less than the lateral beamwidth of the 18-MHz linear-array acous- tic field. The ability to activate NDs that have passed through the placenta and to perform noninvasive, in utero contrast-enhanced imaging has high potential to revolutionize the way we study organogenesis and angiogenesis in widely utilized models of normal and abnormal embryonic development.